Organic Dyes for Solar Cells via Diphenylamine Donor and CN-COOZ Acceptor
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current organic dyes for photoelectric conversion devices, such as dye-sensitized solar cells, face challenges with low conversion efficiency and stability, making it difficult to replace ruthenium-based complexes due to high costs and accessibility issues, despite the need for dyes with high absorption coefficients.
Innovation Solution
Development of organic dyes with a diphenylamine moiety as a donor and a CN—COOZ moiety as an acceptor, linked by a conjugated spacer, which are synthesized using specific chemical pathways to enhance absorption coefficients and energy gap modification for improved photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If ruthenium based complex is used as sensitizing dye, then high absorption coefficient is achieved, but high cost and supply problems occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive ruthenium-based complexes with organic dyes that are cheaper to manufacture and more accessible. The organic dye structures use common organic compounds instead of rare metals, directly addressing the cost and supply issues while maintaining the photosensitizing function.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies molecular parameters by designing specific organic dye structures with electron-donating groups (diphenylamine) and electron-accepting groups (CN-COOZ) connected through conjugated spacers. This structural parameter optimization enables the organic dyes to achieve high absorption coefficients comparable to ruthenium complexes.
2Ease of manufacture
If organic dye is used to replace ruthenium based complex, then cost is reduced, but low conversion efficiency and stability issues occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates composite molecular structures by combining electron-donating diphenylamine moieties with electron-accepting CN-COOZ groups through conjugated spacer units. This composite approach at the molecular level enables the organic dye to simultaneously achieve good stability and high conversion efficiency, overcoming the limitations of simple organic dye structures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes molecular parameters by adjusting the conjugation length (n=2-11), substituent groups (X), and side chains (R, R1, R2, R3) to fine-tune the energy levels, absorption characteristics, and stability of the organic dye, enabling it to match or exceed ruthenium-based performance.
3Productivity
If organic dye with high absorption coefficient is developed, then photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved, but stability and durability issues remain
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs composite molecular architectures where the diphenylamine donor, conjugated spacer, and CN-COOZ acceptor work synergistically. This composite structure provides both the high absorption coefficient needed for efficiency and the molecular stability required for durability, resolving the trade-off between performance and reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses stable organic molecular structures that resist degradation from light exposure and environmental factors, replacing the instability associated with earlier organic dye attempts. The robust molecular framework ensures long-term durability while maintaining high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The organic dyes exhibit high absorption coefficients and modified energy gaps, enhancing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells and are suitable for various photoelectric conversion devices, including dye-sensitized solar cells, with improved stability and reduced energy loss during electron transport.
Implementation Method 1
the organic dyes exhibit high absorption coefficients and modified energy gaps, enhancing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells
Implementation Method 2
an end of a diphenylamine moiety serving as a donor and another end of a CN—COOZ moiety serving as an acceptor
Data Source
AI summary
Organic dyes and photoelectric conversion devices are provided. The Organic dye has the structure represented by formula (I), wherein, n is an integral of 2-11; the plurality of X is independent and elected from the group consisting ofand combinations thereof; R, R1, and R2 comprise hydrogen, halogen, C1-18 alkyl group, C1-18 alkoxy group, C3-18 heteroalkyl group, C3-20 aryl group, C3-20 heteroaryl group, C3-20 cycloaliphatic group or C3-20 cycloalkyl group, or R1 is connected to R2 to form a ring having 5-14 members; R3 comprise hydrogen, halogen, nitro group, amino group, C1-18 alkyl group, C1-18 alkoxy group, C1-18 sulfanyl group, C3-18 heteroalkyl group, C3-20 aryl group, C3-20 heteroaryl group, C3-20 cycloaliphatic group or C3-20 cycloalkyl group; and Z is hydrogen, alkali metal, or quaternary ammonium salt.