Organic Electrolyte Composition for High-Temperature Lithium Batteries
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium secondary batteries face challenges with the stability of organic electrolytes at high temperatures, leading to decomposition and reduced performance, which affects their capacity retention and storage characteristics.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a cyclic nitrile-based compound and a chain type nitrile-based compound in the organic electrolyte to form a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film on the positive electrode, enhancing high temperature lifespan and storage characteristics by minimizing resistance and gas generation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If organic electrolytes are used in lithium secondary batteries to achieve high voltage operation, then the battery can operate at high driving voltage, but the organic electrolytes decompose at high temperature and high voltage, leading to reduced stability and performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by introducing specific cyclic carbonate esters (1,3-propanecarbonic acid cyclic ester and 1,4-butane dicarbonic acid cyclic ester) with defined molecular structures and ratios. This compositional parameter change enables the electrolyte to maintain stability at high temperatures while supporting high voltage operation, resolving the contradiction between power and reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system by combining multiple components: cyclic carbonate esters (1,3-propanecarbonic acid cyclic ester and 1,4-butane dicarbonic acid cyclic ester), chain carbonates, and lithium salts. This composite material approach leverages the complementary properties of each component to achieve both high voltage stability and high temperature reliability simultaneously
2Use of energy by moving object
If organic electrolytes are used to achieve high energy density, then the battery can store more energy per unit weight, but the organic materials are easily decomposed at high temperature, adversely affecting battery performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the electrolyte's chemical parameters by incorporating cyclic carbonate esters with specific molecular weights and structures (1,3-propanecarbonic acid cyclic ester and 1,4-butane dicarbonic acid cyclic ester) in optimized ratios. This parameter optimization prevents thermal decomposition while preserving high energy density characteristics
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs small molecular cyclic carbonate esters that form protective films on electrode surfaces during initial cycles. These short-living components sacrificially decompose to create stable surface layers that prevent further decomposition of the bulk electrolyte, protecting the energy storage function while accepting controlled initial degradation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The combination of cyclic and chain type nitrile-based compounds improves the high temperature stability and storage performance of lithium secondary batteries, maintaining capacity retention and reducing swelling, thereby enhancing the overall battery efficiency and lifespan.
Implementation Method 1
Incorporating a cyclic nitrile-based compound and a chain type nitrile-based compound in the organic electrolyte to form a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film on the positive electrode
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to an organic electrolyte including at least one cyclic nitrile-based compound; and at least one chain type nitrile-based compound, and a secondary battery including the same.