Organic Oxide Drug Compositions for Solubility-Limited Bioavailability
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Solution Overview
Problem
The Rule of Five limits solubility in bodily fluids, restricting the bioavailability of druglike molecules with octanol-water partition coefficients greater than 5.
Innovation Solution
Converting druglike molecules into organic oxides using simple acid/base chemistry to achieve octanol-water partition coefficients of less than 5, allowing their dispersion in bodily fluids.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If druglike molecules have high octanol-water partition coefficients (>5), then they achieve desired pharmacological activity, but their solubility in bodily fluids decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical structure of druglike molecules through oxidation to form organic oxides. This structural modification changes the partition coefficient parameter from >5 to <5, thereby improving solubility in bodily fluids while maintaining pharmacological activity. The oxidation state and molecular polarity are altered to achieve the desired balance between activity and solubility.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses organic oxides as intermediary forms of druglike molecules. These organic oxides act as mediators that improve solubility in bodily fluids during administration, then convert back to the parent druglike molecules at the target site. This intermediary form allows the molecule to overcome the solubility barrier imposed by the Rule of Five while still achieving the desired pharmacological effect.
2Quantity of substance
If druglike molecules are converted into organic oxides, then solubility in bodily fluids improves, but molecular structure complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The conversion to organic oxides involves adding oxygen atoms to the molecular structure, which increases polarity and improves solubility. While this does increase structural complexity, the modification is systematic and predictable, following established oxidation patterns that maintain the core pharmacophore while improving solubility properties.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The organic oxide form of druglike molecules enhances bioavailability by overcoming the solubility limitations imposed by the Rule of Five.
Implementation Method 1
Many classes of druglike molecules that have octanol-water partition coefficients of greater than 5 can be converted into organic oxides that have octanol-water partition coefficients of less than 5 using simple acid/base chemistry
Implementation Method 2
the organic oxide form of a bioactive agent can allow the dispersion of druglike molecules in bodily fluids to overcome the octanol-water partition coefficient limitation
Data Source
AI summary
Various aspects of this patent document relate to the newly-discovered organic oxide class of pharmaceuticals.