Orthogonal Microstrip Antenna with Impedance Matching Components
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional circularly polarized antennas are bulky, making them unsuitable for miniature and handheld applications, and existing designs struggle to simultaneously optimize axial ratio, antenna gain, and input impedance.
Innovation Solution
A microstrip antenna design featuring two orthogonal monopole sections connected to a ground plane via electrical components such as resistors, inductors, and capacitors, allowing for control of amplitude and phase balance to achieve circular or elliptical polarization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If conventional circularly polarized antennas (patch, helical, spiral) are used, then circular polarization is achieved, but the antenna occupies relatively large space
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is segmented into two orthogonal monopole sections (first and second antennas) that are connected to the ground plane via electrical components. This segmentation allows each section to be independently controlled through separate electrical components, enabling compact design while maintaining polarization diversity through the orthogonal arrangement of the segmented elements.
Solution Approach 2:
Electrical components (resistors, inductors, capacitors) are introduced to change the electrical parameters (amplitude and phase) of the monopole sections. By adjusting these parameters through the electrical components, the antenna achieves circular polarization with controlled axial ratio while maintaining a compact form factor suitable for handheld devices.
2Adaptability or versatility
If geometric design alone is used to control antenna parameters, then design is limited, but adding electrical components increases design flexibility
Solution Approach 1:
Electrical components serve as intermediaries between the monopole sections and the ground plane. These intermediary components provide additional control over amplitude and phase without requiring complex geometric adjustments, thereby increasing design flexibility while adding only moderate structural complexity through standard electronic components.
3Manufacturing precision
If amplitude and phase balance is controlled via electrical components, then axial ratio and gain are improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The electrical components enable precise control of amplitude and phase parameters, allowing optimization of axial ratio and gain. While this adds manufacturing steps for component selection and assembly, it provides the necessary precision for achieving desired polarization characteristics that cannot be obtained through geometric design alone.
Data Source
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AI summary
An elliptically or circularly polarized microstrip antenna is disclosed. The antenna comprises a substrate, a conductor arranged on a first side of the substrate, and a ground plane. The conductor comprises a first antenna extending generally in a first direction, and a second antenna extending generally in a second direction, wherein the second direction is orthogonal to the first direction. The second antenna is connected to the ground plane via one or more electrical components comprising one or more resistors, one or more inductors and/or one or more capacitors.