Oscillating Blade Bone Resection Device
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing surgical instruments for resecting soft tissue or bone face challenges such as poor ergonomics leading to musculoskeletal disorders, slow resection rates, inaccurate removal, nerve damage, and obstruction of the surgeon's view during minimally-invasive procedures.
Innovation Solution
The development of powered cutting systems with oscillating or continuously rotating blades, or axially oscillating blades, that are designed to manipulate the border of targeted tissue. These systems include mechanisms for achieving oscillation, ergonomic design, and features to prevent unintentional tissue resection and improve visualization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a rotating blade is used to resect tissue, then cutting efficiency is improved, but the risk of nerve damage increases due to tissue entanglement and excessive strain
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies mechanical vibration by using an oscillating blade that moves back and forth in a controlled range rather than rotating continuously. This oscillation creates a sawing motion that cuts through tissue efficiently while minimizing the risk of nerve entanglement and excessive strain, as the blade does not spin at high speeds like a traditional rotating burr
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the motion parameter from continuous rotation to oscillation with a limited angular range. The oscillating blade operates within a controlled angular displacement (typically less than 90 degrees total range), transforming the cutting mechanism from rotational to reciprocating motion, which maintains cutting efficiency while reducing harmful effects on nerves
2Adaptability or versatility
If a burr is used to grind bone, then resection capability is improved, but the bone tissue is pulverized and cannot be used as autograft
Solution Approach 1:
The oscillating blade uses mechanical vibration to cut bone through a sawing action rather than grinding. This allows the blade to resect bone effectively while maintaining cleaner cuts and preserving tissue integrity, enabling the possibility of using resected bone as autograft material compared to pulverized bone from burr drilling
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the grinding mechanism of a burr with an oscillating cutting blade. Instead of using rotational friction and abrasion to remove bone, the oscillating blade uses controlled reciprocating cuts, substituting a precision cutting mechanism for a rough grinding process, thereby preserving tissue structure
3Object-affected harmful factors
If the surgical site is accessed through narrow ports for minimally-invasive procedures, then patient trauma is reduced, but the difficulty of tissue resection increases
Solution Approach 1:
The oscillating blade mechanism can be integrated into smaller, more compact instrument designs that can pass through narrow surgical ports. The segmentation of the cutting action into small oscillating movements allows the instrument to be miniaturized while maintaining cutting effectiveness, enabling minimally-invasive access without sacrificing resection capability
Solution Approach 2:
The high-frequency oscillation of the blade allows for efficient cutting in confined spaces. The vibratory motion concentrates cutting power in a small area, enabling effective tissue resection through narrow ports where traditional larger instruments would be difficult or impossible to use
4Device complexity
If manual instruments are used for resection, then device complexity is reduced, but resection speed decreases and surgeon fatigue increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical operation with a powered oscillating mechanism. The oscillating blade is driven by a motor or actuator that converts rotational or linear motion into oscillating motion, substituting automated mechanical power for manual surgeon effort, thereby increasing resection speed while reducing surgeon fatigue
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed solution reduces nerve damage, enables precise and efficient tissue resection with less force, and improves the surgeon's view during procedures, thereby enhancing surgical accuracy and reducing the risk of complications.
Implementation Method 1
a powered cutting system using a crescentic blade that cuts tissue or bone by oscillating without spinning through a complete rotation
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of bone and tissue resection devices are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a device can include a blade having a distal cutting edge configured to perform a cutting action that produces a plug or core from a media being cut by the cutting edge, a drive mechanism arranged to transfer an oscillating force to the cutting edge for oscillating the cutting edge, a shield positioned to block contact with a portion of the cutting edge, and a depth adjustment mechanism configured to translate the cutting edge along a proximal-distal axis of the shield to adjust an axial position of the cutting edge relative to the shield.