OsTCP19 Protein Regulating Rice Tiller Number and Nitrogen Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods struggle to efficiently clone and identify nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE)-related genes in rice, limiting the development of nitrogen-efficient breeding due to the complexity of NUE as a trait affected by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Innovation Solution
The use of the OsTCP19 protein and related biological materials, including nucleic acid molecules and CRISPR-Cas9 systems, to regulate tillering, yield, and nitrogen-use efficiency in plants, allowing for the breeding of transgenic plants with improved or reduced nitrogen response abilities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If traditional genetic methods are used to clone and identify NUE-related genes, then the process becomes extremely difficult and time-consuming, but the complexity of NUE as a trait affects multiple genetic and environmental factors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a reporter gene system as an intermediary between the complex NUE trait and observable phenotypes. By fusing NUE-related gene promoters with reporter genes (GUS, GFP, LUC), the system translates complex genetic regulation into simple, measurable reporter expression, enabling efficient identification of NUE-related genes without directly analyzing complex multi-factor interactions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the complex, difficult-to-measure NUE trait into simple, quantifiable parameters through reporter gene expression levels. By measuring reporter activity (beta-glucuronidase, green fluorescence, luciferase) under different nitrogen conditions, the complex genetic and environmental interactions are converted into measurable expression parameters that can be efficiently screened
2Productivity
If chemical fertilizers are continuously applied to increase grain yield, then grain yield increases significantly, but nitrogen fertilizer not absorbed by crops pollutes air, water and soil
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables plants to self-regulate nitrogen utilization through identified NUE-related genes. By manipulating these genes (such as OsNRT2.1, OsNIA1, OsGS1;1), plants can efficiently absorb and utilize nitrogen from the soil without requiring excessive chemical fertilizer application, thereby reducing nitrogen pollution while maintaining grain yield
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a feedback mechanism where reporter gene expression responds to nitrogen availability and NUE-related gene activity. This allows real-time monitoring and selection of plant variants with improved nitrogen-use efficiency, enabling breeding programs to develop crops that automatically optimize nitrogen uptake and reduce environmental pollution
3Quantity of substance
If the demand for food increases due to growing world population, then food security becomes more critical, but nitrogen-use efficiency needs to be improved to ensure sustainable agriculture
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary identification and characterization of NUE-related genes and their regulatory mechanisms before large-scale breeding applications. By establishing reporter gene systems and identifying key genes in advance, the research creates a foundation that enables future breeding programs to rapidly develop high-NUE varieties to meet increasing food demands sustainably
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a protein regulating nitrogen-use efficiency and yield of a plant and the use thereof. The present invention obtains a transgenic OsTCP19 rice and a rice OsTCP19 mutant by means of a transgenic technique and a CRISPR-Cas9 technique, respectively. Experiments have shown that compared with wild-type rice, the transgenic OsTCP19 rice has a reduced tiller number and a decreased nitrogen response ability, whereas compared with the wild-type rice, the rice OsTCP19 mutant has an increased tiller number. This indicates that the OsTCP19 protein has the function of regulating the plant yield and nitrogen-use efficiency, thus laying the foundation for cultivating varieties with a high yield and a high nitrogen-use efficiency.