Outer Wall Recesses for Impingement Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Internal impingement cooling in components like gas turbine hot gas path components is limited by the thickness of the outer wall, and thermal barrier coatings can degrade, leading to reduced operational lifetime due to oxidation.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a plurality of recesses in the outer wall aligned with apertures to direct cooling fluid closer to the exterior surface, enhancing cooling efficiency and mitigating spalling, with recesses designed to allow cooling fluid to escape through degraded areas for film cooling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If internal impingement cooling is used to cool the outer wall, then the outer wall temperature is maintained below threshold, but the cooling effectiveness is limited by the outer wall thickness
Solution Approach 1:
The invention introduces recesses that create a third dimension (depth) into the outer wall surface, allowing cooling fluid to reach closer to the exterior surface. This dimensional change enables the cooling fluid to travel a shorter distance through the outer wall thickness, thereby improving cooling effectiveness without requiring a thinner wall structure.
2Reliability
If thermal barrier coating is applied to protect the outer wall from high temperatures, then the outer wall is protected, but the coating may spall or degrade during high temperature operation
Solution Approach 1:
The recesses are pre-formed in the outer wall before the thermal barrier coating is applied. This preliminary action ensures that the coating is deposited over a surface that already accounts for the recess geometry, allowing the cooling fluid to escape through the recesses and form a protective film on the coating surface, thereby preventing spalling and extending operational lifetime.
3Temperature
If cooling fluid is directed through apertures to the interior surface, then cooling is provided, but the cooling fluid does not reach close enough to the exterior surface for effective cooling
Solution Approach 1:
By introducing recesses that extend into the outer wall from the exterior surface, the invention creates a dimensional pathway that bridges the gap between the interior surface and exterior surface. The cooling fluid travels through the recesses in the depth dimension, reaching much closer to the exterior surface and significantly improving cooling effectiveness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Improves cooling efficiency, reduces spalling and degradation of thermal barrier coatings, and increases the operational lifetime of components by directing cooling fluid closer to the exterior surface and providing film cooling through recesses in case of burn-through.
Implementation Method 1
internal impingement cooling... provide impingement of a cooling fluid against an interior surface of the outer wall
Implementation Method 2
maintain the outer wall below a threshold temperature during operation
Implementation Method 3
components include a thermal barrier coating on an exterior surface of the outer wall to further protect the outer wall from high temperatures
Data Source
AI summary
A component configured for impingement cooling includes an inner wall defining a plurality of apertures extending therethrough. Each aperture of the plurality of apertures is configured to emit a cooling fluid therethrough. The component also includes an outer wall that includes an exterior surface, an opposite interior surface, and a thickness defined therebetween. The component further includes a plurality of recesses defined in the outer wall. Each recess of the plurality of recesses extends from a recess first end to an opposite recess second end. The second recess end is defined at the interior surface, and the recess first end is positioned within the outer wall at a depth less than the thickness. Each recess is aligned with a corresponding aperture of the plurality of apertures to receive the cooling fluid therefrom.