Output Driver Termination Circuit for Fast Low-Power Data I/O

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional data output apparatuses in semiconductor integrated circuits face challenges in simultaneously achieving low power consumption and high speed operation due to the absence of a termination function, which degrades data transmission speed and causes instability in output data levels when power supply voltage varies.

Innovation Solution

A data output apparatus is designed with a driver unit, data driver unit, and output data level control unit that generates driving signals and controls the output data level by forming a current path different from that for driving the output terminal, incorporating termination and clamping functions to restrict voltage level variations and improve data reliability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If a termination function circuit is added to improve data transmission speed, then data transmission speed is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transmission speedVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic termination function that is selectively activated only during data output operations. The termination circuit is controlled by a termination control signal that enables it to operate only when data needs to be output, rather than being permanently active. This dynamic activation allows the system to achieve high-speed data transmission when needed while avoiding continuous power consumption, thus resolving the contradiction between speed improvement and power consumption increase.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The termination function operates periodically or intermittently based on data output requirements rather than continuously. The termination control circuit activates the termination function only during specific time periods when data output occurs, and deactivates it during other periods. This periodic operation pattern enables the system to maintain high data transmission speed during output operations while significantly reducing overall power consumption by keeping the termination function inactive during non-output periods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

2Use of energy by moving object

If no termination function is present to reduce power consumption, then power consumption is low, but data transmission speed is degraded

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoiddata transmission speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic termination function that is selectively activated only during data output operations. The termination circuit is controlled by a termination control signal that enables it to operate only when data needs to be output, rather than being permanently active. This dynamic activation allows the system to achieve high-speed data transmission when needed while avoiding continuous power consumption, thus resolving the contradiction between speed improvement and power consumption increase.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The termination function is automatically activated and deactivated based on the operational state of the data output apparatus. When data output operations are detected, the termination control circuit automatically enables the termination function without requiring external intervention. This self-service mechanism ensures that the termination function operates precisely when needed for high-speed transmission while remaining inactive during other operations to maintain low power consumption, eliminating the need for complex external control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Speed

If a termination function is added to improve data transmission speed, then data transmission speed is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transmission speedVSAvoidcircuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the termination control function with the existing data output control logic. The termination control signal is generated using the same control signals that already exist for data output operations, specifically utilizing the relationship between the data output enable signal and the inverted data output enable signal. By combining the termination control function with existing control logic rather than adding a completely separate control system, the patent achieves high-speed data transmission with minimal increase in device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The termination control circuit is designed to serve multiple functions: it controls the termination function during data output operations and simultaneously leverages existing control signals for its operation. The circuit uses the data output enable signal and its inverted version, which are already present in the system, to generate the termination control signal. This multi-functional design allows the termination control circuit to achieve speed improvement without requiring dedicated separate control pathways, thereby minimizing the increase in device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Device complexity

If no output data level control is implemented to maintain simple circuit design, then device complexity is low, but output data level becomes unstable when power supply voltage varies

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecircuit complexityVSAvoidoutput data stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a localized output data level control function that specifically targets the output terminal region where voltage variations occur. Rather than redesigning the entire circuit, the invention adds a focused control mechanism at the output stage that adjusts the data level based on the actual output voltage conditions. This local quality approach maintains the simplicity of the overall circuit design while providing targeted stabilization at the critical output point, preventing data errors caused by power supply variations without increasing overall device complexity significantly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The output data level control unit operates with feedback from the actual output data voltage level. It monitors the output voltage and dynamically adjusts the data level to compensate for variations caused by power supply fluctuations. This feedback mechanism ensures that even when power supply voltage varies, the output data maintains stable and reliable levels. The feedback-based control achieves reliability improvement without requiring a complete redesign of the circuit architecture, thus balancing device complexity and output stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentUS8331167B2Data output apparatus and method for outputting data thereof
Publication Date: 2012.12.11 SK HYNIX INC
  • US8331167B2 patent drawing
  • US8331167B2 patent drawing
  • US8331167B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A data output apparatus includes a driver driving unit configured to generate driving signals by using input data when a data output enable signal is enabled, a data driver unit configured to drive an output terminal to a level corresponding to the input data in response to the driving signals to generate output data, and an output data level control unit configured to open a current path to control a level of the output data, wherein the current path is different from a current path for driving the output terminal to a level corresponding to the input data.