Over-voltage Protection Circuit for High Power Translation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional over-voltage protection circuits for high power translation circuits face issues with continuous voltage detection and frequent switching, leading to carbon deposition on contacts and potential failure, as well as inability to actively detect AC voltage when switches are open.
Innovation Solution
A protection circuit with a voltage detection module that continuously monitors AC input voltage and generates signals to open or close the relay circuit, using an energy supply circuit to maintain power and reduce switching frequency, ensuring the circuit can detect over-voltages and prevent damage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the voltage detection module continuously detects AC voltage and frequently opens/closes the relay circuit to protect against over-voltage, then the circuit protection reliability is improved, but the switch contacts suffer from carbon deposition and eventual failure
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage detection module continuously monitors AC voltage in advance before over-voltage damage occurs. By detecting voltage levels proactively and opening the relay circuit preemptively when thresholds are approached, the system prevents carbon deposition from frequent reactive switching while maintaining protection reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The voltage detection module provides continuous feedback on AC voltage levels to the relay control circuit. This feedback mechanism enables smooth, threshold-based switching decisions rather than frequent on/off cycling, reducing carbon deposition on contacts while maintaining reliable over-voltage protection
2Reliability
If the relay circuit is opened to block over-voltage, then the high power translation circuit is protected from damage, but the voltage detection module cannot continue to detect AC voltage
Solution Approach 1:
The detection and protection functions are segmented into independent pathways. The voltage detection module is electrically isolated from the main power circuit it protects, allowing it to continuously monitor AC voltage through high-impedance sampling or auxiliary windings without being affected by the relay circuit's open/closed state
Solution Approach 2:
An intermediary coupling mechanism (such as a voltage divider, transformer, or optocoupler) is introduced between the AC voltage source and the voltage detection module. This intermediary allows the detection module to sense voltage levels continuously even when the main relay circuit is open, preventing loss of detection capability
3Use of energy by moving object
If the bulk capacitor discharges frequently to power the auxiliary power supply during over-voltage conditions, then the voltage detection module can operate, but the capacitor cannot maintain stable voltage
Solution Approach 1:
The bulk capacitor is pre-charged to an elevated voltage level before over-voltage conditions occur. This preliminary energy storage allows the capacitor to supply power to the auxiliary power supply and voltage detection module during over-voltage events without immediately discharging to critical levels, maintaining voltage stability throughout the protection event
Solution Approach 2:
The operating voltage parameters of the bulk capacitor are optimized for the specific over-voltage protection application. By selecting appropriate capacitance value and voltage rating, the capacitor can maintain stable voltage output during discharge cycles, ensuring continuous operation of the detection and protection functions
Data Source
AI summary
An over-voltage protection circuit structure for protecting a high power translation circuit is provided. The over-voltage protection circuit structure receives an alternating current input and comprises a relay circuit, a voltage detection module, and an energy supply circuit. The relay circuit relays the alternating current input to the high power translation circuit. The energy supply circuit provides power to the voltage detection module in response to the alternating current input. The voltage detection module detects a voltage value of the alternating current input continuously. When the voltage value is greater than or equal to a first reference value, the voltage detection module generates an over-voltage signal. The relay circuit opens to cease delivering the alternating current input into the high power circuit in response to the over-voltage signal, thus the purpose of protecting the high power circuit is achieved.