Complex Oxide Catalyst Structure for Selective Diene Production
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing catalysts for producing diene compounds like butadiene suffer from low selectivity and yield, leading to complicated separation and purification processes, and excessive reaction progression that deteriorates catalyst activity and produces unwanted polymers.
Innovation Solution
A catalyst comprising specific elements from Groups 3 to 6 of the Periodic Table and Group 14 elements, with X-ray diffraction peaks in certain ranges, and a complex oxide structure that suppresses polymer formation, enhancing diene compound production yield.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a supported catalyst with catalytically active metal is used for diene compound production, then the catalyst can be provided with catalytic activity, but the selectivity to diene compound becomes low due to poor dispersing ability of the metal on the carrier surface
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameters of the catalyst by incorporating specific metal combinations (Hf with Zn, Cu, or Ga) and controlling their ratios. This compositional parameter change improves both the dispersing ability of active metals on the silica surface and the selectivity to diene compounds, resolving the contradiction between catalyst activity and selectivity
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses composite catalyst material consisting of Hf combined with Zn, Cu, or Ga on a silica carrier. This composite structure enhances both the catalytic activity (through Hf) and the selectivity (through the synergistic effect of Zn/Cu/Ga), while improving metal dispersing ability on the carrier surface
2Productivity
If the reaction progresses excessively to produce more diene compound, then the yield increases, but polymer formation occurs which poisons the active metal and deteriorates catalyst activity
Solution Approach 1:
The invention introduces Zn, Cu, or Ga as intermediary substances that mediate the reaction process. These intermediaries selectively promote the formation of diene compounds while inhibiting the excessive progression to polymer formation. They act as modifiers that control the reaction pathway, preventing polymer poisoning of the active Hf metal while maintaining high diene yield
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the catalytic system parameters by adding specific metal modifiers (Zn, Cu, or Ga) at controlled ratios. This parameter change adjusts the reaction selectivity to favor diene compound formation over polymerization, thereby increasing yield while preventing catalyst deactivation through polymer formation
3Device complexity
If the diene compound selectivity is low, then the catalyst can be simpler in composition, but the separation and purification of diene compound becomes complicated
Solution Approach 1:
The invention optimizes the catalyst composition parameters with specific metal ratios (Hf:Zn, Hf:Cu, or Hf:Ga in controlled proportions) to achieve high diene compound selectivity. This parameter optimization ensures that the catalyst produces predominantly diene compounds with minimal by-products, thereby simplifying downstream separation and purification processes while maintaining reasonable compositional complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catalyst achieves high selectivity and yield of diene compounds while preventing catalyst deterioration and excessive polymer formation, simplifying separation and purification processes.
Implementation Method 1
a catalyst for butadiene synthesis which includes Hf and two or more catalytically active metals M1 and M2
Implementation Method 2
at least one diffraction peak is observed in a low angle range of θ=6° or less in an X-ray diffraction profile
Implementation Method 3
at least one diffraction peak having a ratio (I/H) of a peak intensity I to a half width at half maximum H of the diffraction peak
Data Source
AI summary
A catalyst includes at least one element X selected from the group consisting of Groups 3 to 6 of the Periodic Table, and at least one element Z selected from the group consisting of Group 14 elements. At least one diffraction peak is observed in a low angle range of θ=6° or less in an X-ray diffraction profile observed using X-ray diffraction. The at least one diffraction peak has a ratio (I/H) of a peak intensity I to a half width at half maximum H of the diffraction peak of 5000 or more.