2-Oxoalkyl Ester Disperse Azo Dyes for Polyester Fastness
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing disperse azo dyes lack excellent wash fastness and sublimation fastness properties, which are essential for dyeing hydrophobic materials like polyesters.
Innovation Solution
Development of disperse azo dyes with a 2-oxoalkyl ester linked to the chromophore, specifically diazo components coupled with certain structural elements, enhancing wash and sublimation fastness through optimized diazotization and coupling processes, resulting in dyes with improved service fastness.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional disperse azo dyes are used, then the dyeing process is simple, but the wash fastness and sublimation fastness are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the molecular structure parameters of disperse azo dyes - specifically introducing a 2-oxoalkyl ester group at the para-position of the diazo component and combining it with selected structural elements (R1-R7 groups). This structural parameter change resolves the contradiction by achieving excellent wash fastness and very good sublimation fastness while maintaining reasonable structural complexity through systematic variation of substituent groups.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite material principles by creating a composite molecular structure that combines a diazo component with a 2-oxoalkyl ester group and additional structural elements (R1-R7 substituents). This composite approach allows the dye molecule to achieve superior fastness properties through the synergistic combination of multiple structural features, resolving the contradiction between performance and complexity.
2Reliability
If disperse azo dyes with 2-oxoalkyl ester are synthesized, then wash fastness improves, but the synthesis process becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the dye synthesis into distinct stages - first preparing the diazo component with the 2-oxoalkyl ester group, then coupling it with selected structural elements. This segmented approach to synthesis makes the manufacturing process more manageable despite the increased complexity required to achieve excellent wash fastness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses preliminary action by pre-forming the 2-oxoalkyl ester group on the diazo component before the coupling reaction. This preliminary structuring simplifies the overall synthesis process by preparing the key functional group in advance, thereby improving wash fastness while making the manufacturing process more systematic and controllable.
3Reliability
If conventional dye structures are used, then manufacturing is easier, but sublimation fastness is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by systematically varying the substituent groups (R1-R7) and the 2-oxoalkyl ester chain length to optimize sublimation fastness. This parameter optimization achieves very good sublimation fastness while controlling molecular structure complexity through rational selection of substituent groups and chain lengths.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides dyes of the general formula (I)where D, R1 to R7 and n are each as defined in claim 1, processes for their preparation and their use.