Oxovanadium Phosphate Catalyst Synthesis via Deep Eutectic Solvent
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current vanadyl phosphate catalysts for selective oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride suffer from low yield, low selectivity, low conversion rate, and high costs due to the use of precious metals and rare earth elements, leading to pollution and performance degradation.
Innovation Solution
A method using a deep eutectic solvent formed by choline chloride and organic carboxylic acid to synthesize vanadyl phosphate catalysts, which enhances crystallinity and catalytic performance, reducing the need for expensive metal additives and minimizing environmental impact.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If metal and rare earth elements are added to improve catalyst performance, then selectivity and conversion rate are improved, but costs increase and pollution occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive metal and rare earth elements with a deep eutectic solvent system that can be easily disposed of or regenerated. The deep eutectic solvent acts as a temporary medium during synthesis but does not remain in the final catalyst product, eliminating the pollution issue associated with metal loss and enabling simpler waste management.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical environment parameters during catalyst synthesis by using a deep eutectic solvent system with specific composition ratios (choline chloride to carboxylic acid). This parameter change enables improved catalyst performance without requiring additional metal additives, thereby reducing costs and pollution while maintaining high conversion rates and selectivity.
2Productivity
If metal and rare earth elements are added to improve catalyst performance, then selectivity and conversion rate are improved, but costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The deep eutectic solvent system used in the patent is composed of inexpensive components (choline chloride and carboxylic acid) that are cheaper than precious metals and rare earth elements. This substitution dramatically reduces catalyst manufacturing costs while achieving comparable or superior selectivity and conversion performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and eliminates the need for expensive metal and rare earth element additives from the catalyst synthesis process. By using the deep eutectic solvent as a temporary synthesis medium that can be removed or degraded, the method achieves cost reduction without sacrificing catalyst performance, as the expensive additives are completely taken out of the final product.
3Manufacturing precision
If traditional synthesis methods are used, then catalyst can be produced, but specific surface area is small and structure is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the synthesis parameters by employing a deep eutectic solvent system with controlled composition and temperature conditions. This parameter change enables better control over crystal growth, resulting in improved crystallinity and higher specific surface area. The deep eutectic solvent provides a controlled environment that promotes formation of catalysts with optimal structural properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The deep eutectic solvent acts as an intermediary medium during the synthesis process, facilitating the formation of catalysts with improved structure and higher specific surface area. This intermediary substance provides a controlled chemical environment that promotes proper crystal development and prevents aggregation, thereby enhancing both crystallinity and surface area without requiring expensive additives.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method improves the selectivity and conversion rate of the vanadyl phosphate catalysts, making them suitable for industrial production while being environmentally friendly and cost-effective, with specific surface areas ranging from 25 to 35 m2/g.
Implementation Method 1
The deep eutectic solvent formed by choline chloride and the organic carboxylic acid can form a complex with vanadium, regulate a concentration of the vanadium source in the system, and control a crystal growth process
Implementation Method 2
a heating reaction is carried out within a range higher than the melting point of the deep eutectic solvent, which can maintain the good fluidity of the deep eutectic solvent and a high boiling state of the system to ensure a rapid progress of the reaction
Implementation Method 3
carrying out calcination to obtain the vanadyl phosphate catalyst
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are an oxovanadium phosphate catalyst, and a preparation method and an application therefor. The method includes: 1) mixing and reacting a vanadium source, a choline chloride-organic carboxylic acid eutectic solvent, and alcohol; 2) mixing the obtained reaction product with a phosphorus source, raising the temperature to a temperature higher than the melting point of the eutectic solvent, and continuing the reaction to obtain an oxovanadium phosphate precursor; and 3) calcining to obtain the oxovanadium phosphate catalyst. The alcohol is: benzyl alcohol or a mixture of C3-C8 monohydric alcohol and benzyl alcohol. The present method uses a green and inexpensive eutectic solvent to strengthen the preparation of oxovanadium phosphate catalyst, avoids the disadvantages of the prior art, and overcoming the problems of low yield and poor selectivity when used in a reaction to prepare maleic anhydride by catalytic n-butane selective oxidisation.