Oxygen Carrier Composition for Fluidized Bed Durability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional oxygen carriers used in chemical looping combustion (CLC) processes face challenges such as unsuitable physical properties, agglomeration, and reduced oxygen transfer capacity, leading to inefficiencies and increased costs in carbon capture and storage.
Innovation Solution
A raw material composition comprising nickel oxide or nickel hydroxide combined with boehmite, cerium oxide, magnesium oxide, and titanium oxide is used to create oxygen carriers with improved strength, attrition resistance, and oxygen transfer performance, suitable for fluidized bed processes, while reducing calcination temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional oxygen carriers are used, then the CLC process can be implemented, but the physical properties (shape, strength, density) are not suitable for fluidized bed process
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite materials by combining metal oxides (Fe2O3, CuO, MnO2) with silica and alumina in specific ratios to create oxygen carriers that simultaneously achieve spherical shape, sufficient strength, and suitable density for fluidized bed processes. The composite structure allows each component to contribute its beneficial properties to the final product.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes parameters including particle size (0.5-2.0 mm), density (1.0-2.0 g/cm³), and chemical composition ratios to produce oxygen carriers with physical properties matched to fluidized bed requirements. By carefully controlling these parameters during preparation, the desired mechanical and physical characteristics are achieved.
2Stability of the object's composition
If support material with stable crystal structure is used, then the interaction between metal oxides and support material decreases, but calcination temperature increases which degrades oxygen transfer performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the thermal stability parameter by selecting silica and alumina with appropriate crystalline structures that provide sufficient stability without requiring excessive calcination temperatures. This allows the support material to maintain structural integrity while enabling oxygen transfer performance to be preserved at moderate temperatures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating a core-shell structure where metal oxides are distributed within a silica-alumina matrix. This allows different regions to have different properties: the metal oxide core provides oxygen transfer functionality while the silica-alumina matrix provides structural support and thermal stability, reducing overall interaction between components.
3Productivity
If oxygen carriers are prepared by conventional methods, then mass preparation is possible, but agglomeration occurs during reaction which prevents fluidization
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by ensuring uniform distribution of metal oxides within the silica-alumina matrix, creating consistent local properties throughout the oxygen carrier particles. This uniformity prevents agglomeration during reaction by eliminating local variations in density and surface properties that would otherwise cause sticking.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes parameters including particle size distribution, surface morphology, and internal porosity to prevent agglomeration. By controlling these parameters during preparation, the oxygen carriers maintain individual particle identity and fluidization capability even during mass processing and repeated use.
4Reliability
If metal oxide content is increased, then oxygen transfer capacity increases, but physical properties and strength are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite materials with metal oxides (Fe2O3, CuO, MnO2) combined with silica and alumina in optimized ratios. This composite structure allows high metal oxide content for oxygen transfer capacity while the silica-alumina matrix provides the necessary structural strength and physical properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating a core-shell structure where metal oxides are concentrated in the core region while the outer shell contains more silica and alumina. This allows maximum oxygen transfer capacity in the core while the outer shell provides mechanical strength and structural integrity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new oxygen carriers exhibit enhanced durability and oxygen transfer capabilities, reducing attrition loss and thermal efficiency penalties, making the CLC process more efficient and economical by internalizing CO2 capture within the boiler.
Implementation Method 1
a raw material composition for preparing oxygen carriers, the raw material composition including a first component which is one or more of nickel oxide and nickel hydroxide and a second component which is one or more of boehmite, cerium oxide, cerium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, and titanium oxide
Implementation Method 2
In a fuel reactor, a reduction reaction of oxygen carriers occurs as oxygen contained in the oxygen carriers is transferred to fuel
Implementation Method 3
In an air reactor, the reduced oxygen carriers are oxidized by receiving oxygen in the air and thus the oxygen carriers are regenerated to an initial oxidized state
Implementation Method 4
After condensing water vapor, only CO2 remains. Therefore, it is possible to separate CO2 without separate additional capture plant
Data Source
AI summary
A raw material composition for producing oxygen carriers includes a first component which is one or more of nickel oxide and nickel hydroxide and a second component which is one or more of boehmite, cerium oxide, cerium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, and titanium oxide, wherein, when the first component is nickel oxide, the second component includes cerium hydroxide. Such a raw material composition for producing oxygen carriers of the present invention is formed into oxygen carriers according to an oxygen carrier producing method, which will be described below, by adjusting the composition, formulation of raw materials, and degree of homogenization. Then, it is possible to produce oxygen carriers having physical properties such as a shape, a particle size, and a particle distribution suitable for a fluidized bed process or a high speed fluidized bed process and having improved wear-resistance, long-term durability, and oxygen transfer performance.