Oxygen Mask with Scattering Plate and Sampling Tube
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing oxygen masks face challenges in accurately measuring expired gas concentration due to dilution by oxygen supply, inefficient oxygenation during mouth respiration, and rebreathing of CO2, leading to wasteful oxygen use and eye drying issues.
Innovation Solution
An oxygen mask design featuring an oxygen supply unit with an external air-opening attachment, an oxygen scattering plate, an expired gas introduction unit, and a detachable expired gas concentration measurement unit, which includes a rebreathing prevention hole and a movable sampling tube, to minimize oxygen dilution and rebreathing while maintaining high oxygen concentration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If oxygen is supplied directly to the patient through a mask, then oxygenation efficiency is improved, but the expired gas is diluted by oxygen and concentration measurement becomes inaccurate
Solution Approach 1:
The mask is divided into separate functional regions: an oxygen supply path and an expired gas sampling path. The sampling port is positioned and configured to obtain expired gas samples independently from the oxygen supply stream, preventing dilution and enabling accurate measurement while maintaining effective oxygenation.
2Quantity of substance
If a cup-shaped mask structure is used to concentrate oxygen, then oxygen delivery precision is improved, but direct oxygen flow into the mouth dilutes expired gas for measurement
Solution Approach 1:
A sampling tube acts as an intermediary element that extracts expired gas from the mask interior through a sampling port. This tube provides a separate pathway to transport expired gas samples to the measurement device without interference from the oxygen supply flow, enabling accurate measurement while preserving oxygen concentration for delivery.
3Use of energy by moving object
If tubes are inserted into nostrils for oxygen supply, then oxygenation is improved, but mouth respiration cannot be effectively oxygenated
Solution Approach 1:
The mask is designed as a universal oxygen delivery device that effectively serves both nasal and oral respiration. The mask structure covers both the nose and mouth regions, with oxygen supply ports and sampling ports positioned to accommodate either breathing method, making the device adaptable to different patient needs.
4Reliability
If high flow oxygen is supplied to prevent rebreathing, then rebreathing prevention is improved, but oxygen waste increases and eyes dry out
Solution Approach 1:
The sampling system provides feedback about expired gas composition and flow patterns, enabling optimization of oxygen supply flow rates. By monitoring expired gas characteristics, the system can maintain effective rebreathing prevention while minimizing excessive oxygen consumption and associated side effects like eye drying.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design enables efficient oxygenation with reduced oxygen usage, accurate expired gas concentration measurement, and reduced rebreathing, preventing eye drying and maintaining high oxygen concentration, even during mouth respiration.
Implementation Method 1
The upper end of baffle 40 has a curled-back lip 42 of conical shape so that oxygen flowing from the oxygen outlet 34 is directed into and against the underside 44 of this lip, creating turbulence and mixing the pure oxygen with the ambient air.
Data Source
AI summary
An oxygen mask can include an oxygen supply unit and an attachment unit which is to be attached to a periphery of a nose or a nose and a mouth of a patient. The attachment unit can include an opening which communicates with external air and which is formed at a position to which, when the oxygen mask is attached to the patient, at least one of the nose and the mouth of the patient is opposed.