Oxygen Sensor Correcting Oxidase Glucose Readings
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Solution Overview
Problem
Oxidase-based glucose sensors are prone to inaccuracies due to varying oxygen concentrations in biological samples, leading to incorrect glucose readings, especially in patients with fluctuating or high oxygen levels, and existing solutions like glucose dehydrogenase-based sensors suffer from cross-reactivity with other sugars.
Innovation Solution
A disposable oxygen sensor system with a laminated body and electrodes that measures oxygen concentration simultaneously with glucose, using a redox mediator and oxidase to correct for oxygen effects, allowing for precise glucose measurement regardless of oxygen levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If oxidase-based biosensors use oxygen as the electron acceptor, then the sensor structure is simple, but the upper linear range is limited due to insufficient oxygen concentration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an electron mediator as an intermediary substance that facilitates electron transfer between the enzyme and electrode, replacing oxygen's role as electron acceptor. This mediator enables the sensor to operate independently of oxygen concentration limitations while maintaining the simple oxidase-based enzyme system.
2Manufacturing precision
If electron mediators are used to extend the linear range, then the upper linear range is improved, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to oxygen competition at the enzyme site
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a dual-electrode configuration where one electrode measures the analyte signal and another measures the oxygen signal simultaneously. The oxygen measurement provides feedback that is used to mathematically correct the analyte reading, compensating for oxygen's competitive inhibition effect and restoring measurement accuracy across the extended linear range.
3Reliability
If glucose dehydrogenase is used to eliminate oxygen effect, then oxygen sensitivity is removed, but cross-reactivity with other sugars increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the measurement function into two independent parts: glucose oxidase specifically measures glucose without cross-reactivity, while a separate oxygen sensor measures oxygen concentration. By combining these measurements mathematically, the system achieves oxygen insensitivity while preserving the high specificity of glucose oxidase against other sugars.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides accurate and precise glucose readings by accounting for oxygen concentration, reducing errors associated with oxygen variability and cross-reactivity issues, ensuring reliable glucose monitoring.
Implementation Method 1
Within the fluid channel lie at least one working electrode and a reference electrode... The working electrode and the reference electrode are each in electrical contact with separate conductive paths
Implementation Method 2
The electron mediators are redox chemicals capable of mediating the electron transfer in the regeneration of the enzyme to the active form
Data Source
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AI summary
A system and method for correcting the oxygen effect on oxidase-based analyte sensors includes an oxygen sensor with a working electrode, a reagent matrix disposed on at least the working electrode that contains a reduced form of a redox mediator, an oxidase and a peroxidase, an oxidase-based analyte sensor, a means for determining the oxygen concentration in a portion of a fluid sample using the oxygen sensor, means for determining an analyte concentration in another portion of the fluid sample using the oxidase-based analyte sensor, and means for using the oxygen concentration in the fluid sample to determine a corrected analyte concentration in the fluid sample.