Oxygen-Storage Coatings for Lithium-Rich Layered Cathode Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-rich, manganese-rich layered electroactive materials in lithium-ion batteries suffer from high irreversible capacity loss and poor cycling stability, limiting their performance in energy storage applications.
Innovation Solution
Coating lithium-rich, manganese-rich layered electroactive material particles with an oxygen storage material, such as perovskites or mixed oxides, to enhance their cycling stability and capacity retention.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If lithium-rich, manganese-rich layered electroactive materials are used to provide high capacity capabilities at high operating voltages, then the capacity capability is improved, but irreversible capacity loss increases and cycling stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
An oxygen storage material coating is introduced as an intermediary layer between the lithium-rich, manganese-rich layered electroactive material particles and the electrolyte. This coating layer acts as a buffer that mediates oxygen release and uptake during charging and discharging cycles, preventing direct harmful interactions while maintaining the high capacity capabilities of the underlying electroactive material.
Solution Approach 2:
The chemical composition and oxygen stoichiometry of the electroactive material surface are modified through the application of an oxygen storage material coating. This coating changes the surface parameters to be more stable and less prone to oxygen loss, thereby improving cycling stability while preserving the bulk material's high capacity characteristics.
2Temperature
If lithium-rich, manganese-rich layered electroactive materials are used to achieve high operating voltages, then the operating voltage is improved, but manganese dissolution increases and electrochemical performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The oxygen storage material coating serves as a protective intermediary barrier that prevents direct contact between the electrolyte and the lithium-rich, manganese-rich layered electroactive material particles. This barrier reduces manganese dissolution into the electrolyte while allowing ionic transport necessary for maintaining high operating voltages.
Solution Approach 2:
A thin film coating of oxygen storage material is applied to the surface of the electroactive material particles. This flexible thin film provides protection against manganese dissolution while maintaining the structural integrity and electrochemical activity required for high voltage operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The oxygen storage coating improves the first cycle efficiency and discharge capacity of lithium-ion batteries by acting as an oxygen buffer, reducing manganese dissolution and enhancing the electrochemical performance.
Implementation Method 1
The oxygen storage material may serve as an oxygen buffer for the lithium-rich, manganese-rich layered electroactive material particles during charging and discharging of the electrochemical cell
Implementation Method 2
The oxygen storage material may limit manganese dissolution from the lithium-rich, manganese-rich layered electroactive material particles
Data Source
AI summary
An electroactive material for an electrochemical cell is provided. The electroactive material includes a plurality of lithium-rich, manganese-rich layered electroactive material particles, where at least a portion of the lithium-rich, manganese-rich layered electroactive material particles defining the plurality has a coating that includes an oxygen storage material. The coating that includes the oxygen storage material has an average thickness greater than or equal to about 100 nanometers to less than or equal to about 2 micrometers, and the oxygen storage material is selected from the group consisting of: La(1-x)SrxMnO3 (where 0≤x≤0.3), La(1-x)SrxFeO3 (where 0≤x≤0.3), La(1-x)CaxMnO3 (where 0≤x≤0.3), La(1-x)BaxMnO3 (where 0≤x≤0.3), LaMnO3, LaFeO3, LaMnO3, LaFeO3, CeO2, CeO2—MnOx (where 3≤x≤4), CeO2—FeOx (where 2≤x≤3), CeO2—WO3, CeO2—MoO6, and combinations thereof.