Oxygen Vacancy Engineering in Nickel-Iron OER Catalysts

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts, such as iridium dioxide and ruthenium dioxide, are costly and unsustainable, while alternative catalysts like Ni/Fe-based materials have unsatisfactory electrocatalytic activity in terms of overpotential and current density, hindering efficient hydrogen production via electrochemical water splitting.

Innovation Solution

Treating a nickel-iron composite coating with a reducing agent, such as NaBH4, to increase oxygen vacancy density, enhancing the catalytic activity of the OER catalyst without using expensive precious metals and employing inexpensive processing techniques.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If expensive precious metal catalysts (IrO2, RuO2) are used, then catalytic activity for OER is improved, but cost and sustainability deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecatalytic activityVSAvoidcost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces expensive precious metal catalysts (IrO2, RuO2) with inexpensive Ni/Fe-based composite materials that can be disposed of or regenerated. The Ni/Fe composite coating on substrate provides sufficient catalytic activity for OER without the high cost and sustainability issues of precious metals, embodying the principle of using cheap替代 materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs Ni/Fe-based composite materials combining nickel and iron in specific ratios with controlled oxygen vacancies. This composite structure leverages the synergistic effects of both metals to achieve catalytic activity comparable to precious metals while maintaining low cost and high sustainability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Quantity of substance

If alternative catalysts (Ni/Fe-based materials) are used, then cost is reduced, but electrocatalytic activity deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecostVSAvoidelectrocatalytic activity
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes key parameters of the Ni/Fe catalyst including the Ni/Fe atomic ratio, oxygen vacancy concentration, and coating thickness. By precisely controlling these parameters, the catalyst achieves high electrocatalytic activity with low overpotential, resolving the activity deficiency of alternative materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a porous Ni/Fe composite coating structure with controlled porosity to enhance surface area and expose more active sites. The porous morphology improves electrolyte penetration and gas bubble release, significantly boosting electrocatalytic activity while maintaining cost-effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

3Productivity

If high current density is achieved, then hydrogen production rate is improved, but overpotential increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehydrogen production rateVSAvoidoverpotential
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent optimizes the catalyst composition parameters (Ni/Fe ratio, oxygen vacancy density) to achieve a breakthrough where high current density (≥100 mA/cm²) is attained at low overpotential (≤200 mV). The optimized catalyst structure facilitates efficient charge transfer and reduces energy barriers for the OER reaction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method significantly improves the catalytic activity of OER catalysts, reducing the overpotential required for high current density and lowering energy costs in water splitting, with the nickel-iron composite showing enhanced electronic conductivity and adsorption energy, leading to efficient hydrogen production.

Implementation Method 1

by treating an OER catalyst comprising a catalytic metallic composite coating supported on a substrate with a reducing agent, the catalytic activity of the metallic composite coating, and thus the catalytic activity of the OER catalyst, is significantly improved

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxygen vacancy formation: Reduction

Implementation Method 2

properties such as enhanced electronic conductivity of the catalyst and lowered adsorption energy of H 2 O are believed to play an important role in the observed superior catalytic activity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectronic conductivity enhancement: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 3

properties such as enhanced electronic conductivity of the catalyst and lowered adsorption energy of H 2 O are believed to play an important role in the observed superior catalytic activity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdsorption: Adsorption

Data Source

PatentEP3384070B1Method for improving catalytic activity
Publication Date: 2023.04.19 NEWSOUTH INNOVATIONS PTY LTD
  • EP3384070B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP3384070B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~3
  • EP3384070B1 patent drawingFigure 4a~4c

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method for improving the catalytic activity of an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst comprising a substrate with a catalytic metallic composite coating. The method comprises exposing the metallic composite coating to a reducing agent to thereby increase oxygen vacancy density in the metallic composite coating.