P-Type Transconductance Amplifier Without Bias Resistors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current technologies cannot form analog electronic circuits using organic transistors due to the lack of stable and high-mobility organic N-type transistors, limiting the implementation of CMOS circuit schemes and requiring complex architectures with resistors in organic P-type transistors.
Innovation Solution
A transconductance analog amplifier architecture using only organic P-type transistors, which reduces the number of transistors required and eliminates the need for bias resistors, allowing for linear-saturated voltage-current characteristics and null output impedance, suitable for flexible plastic substrates and compatible with MOSFET silicon transistors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If classic two-stage source follower architecture is used with organic P-type transistors, then the amplifier can be formed, but the complexity is high and resistors are required
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the resistor components from the classic two-stage source follower architecture. By replacing resistive elements with organic P-type transistor-based current mirrors and load structures, the design eliminates the need for external resistors, thereby simplifying the overall device structure and reducing manufacturing complexity while maintaining the amplifier's core functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention makes organic P-type transistors perform multiple functions: they serve as active devices for signal amplification, as current mirrors for biasing, and as load elements traditionally requiring resistors. This multi-functionality reduces the total component count and eliminates the need for separate resistor components, directly addressing the complexity and manufacturing difficulties.
2Adaptability or versatility
If CMOS circuit schemes are used with organic transistors, then standard silicon circuit designs can be applied, but organic N-type transistors with adequate stability and mobility are not available
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the CMOS architecture into functional blocks that can be implemented using only organic P-type transistors. By dividing the amplifier into distinct stages (input stage, intermediate stage, output stage) that each use P-type transistor-based current mirrors and load structures, the design achieves the adaptability of standard circuit schemes while relying solely on available organic P-type transistor technology with proven stability and mobility characteristics.
3Ease of manufacture
If organic transistors are used instead of silicon transistors, then fabrication costs are reduced and flexible plastic compatibility is achieved, but the number of transistors and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges multiple functions into fewer organic P-type transistor components. By using P-type transistor-based current mirrors to simultaneously provide biasing, loading, and signal amplification functions, the design reduces the total transistor count compared to classic architectures. This consolidation maintains the cost and flexibility advantages of organic transistors while mitigating the complexity increase.
Data Source
AI summary
An analog transconductance amplifier includes an input stage including a first transistor and a second transistor connected in series to the first transistor. The first and second transistors are connected between positive and negative voltages and are respectively controlled by an input voltage and a first control voltage for generating a normalized drive voltage. An amplification stage includes a first conduction path including an amplification transistor controlled by the normalized drive voltage. A first load transistor is connected in series to the amplification transistor and is controlled by a second control voltage. A second conduction path includes at least one second load transistor controlled by a third control voltage. A current mirror forces through the second conduction path a replica of current flowing through the first conduction path. An output stage transistor delivers an output current, and is controlled by a voltage on the second load transistor. All of the transistors in the analog transconductance amplifier are field effect transistors of a same conductivity type.