Pacemaker Gain Adaptation Periodic Algorithm
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional pacemakers, especially implantable leadless pacemakers (ILPs), face challenges with high current consumption due to continuous running of rate adaptation algorithms, which affects their longevity and is susceptible to random noise in activity levels, leading to inefficient power management.
Innovation Solution
A pacemaker system with a processing unit, detector, and pacing signal generator that adapts a gain value in an adaption mode and transitions to a stabilized mode using a locked gain value, reducing continuous detection and algorithm running, thus minimizing current consumption and stabilizing pacing rates based on patient activity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If the rate adaptation algorithm runs continuously to adapt the gain value to patient needs, then the pacing rate can be optimized for activity levels, but the current consumption increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic action by running the rate adaptation algorithm only at specific intervals (e.g., daily or weekly) rather than continuously. The processing unit is configured to execute the adaptation algorithm periodically to update the gain value, thereby maintaining activity-based rate adaptation while significantly reducing current consumption compared to continuous operation.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the gain value is continuously adapted to suit patient's unique needs, then the pacing optimization is maintained, but the pacemaker longevity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies periodic action by scheduling the gain value adaptation at predetermined time intervals (daily, weekly, or monthly) rather than continuously. This periodic execution maintains the pacemaker's ability to adapt to patient-specific needs while preserving battery life and device longevity by minimizing the time the high-power adaptation algorithm is active.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the motion sensor and rate adaptation algorithm run continuously to support gain value update, then the pacing rate remains optimized, but the current consumption increases unnecessarily
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic action by configuring the processing unit to execute the rate adaptation algorithm only at predetermined time intervals. The motion sensor and algorithm are activated periodically rather than continuously, eliminating unnecessary energy consumption while maintaining the capability to optimize pacing rates when needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-calculating and storing baseline gain values or adaptation parameters that can be quickly applied when needed. This allows the system to maintain rate adaptation functionality without requiring continuous execution of the full adaptation algorithm, thereby reducing energy consumption while preserving optimized pacing capability.
Data Source
AI summary
A pacemaker comprises a processing unit, a detector and a pacing signal generator, all electrically interconnected, the detector determines patient activity signals and provides the activity signals to the processing unit, the processing unit determines a pacing rate based on the currently received activity signals and on a gain value in an adaption or stabilized mode, the processing unit produces a pace control signal based on the determined pacing rate and provides it to the pacing signal generator, in the adaption mode the processing unit adapts the gain value to the specific patient, the processing unit stays in the adaption mode as long as a stability criterion is not met and transitions in the stabilized mode if a stability criterion is met, wherein in the stabilized mode the processing unit uses a locked gain value determined based on the most recently adapted gain values for determining the pacing rate.