Palladium Catalyst Production via Glycol Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for producing palladium-containing catalysts for α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid from olefins or α,β-unsaturated aldehydes result in insufficient productivity.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the reduction of palladium in an oxidation state using compounds like ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, or L-ascorbic acid to produce a palladium-containing catalyst, which is then used for liquid-phase oxidation with molecular oxygen to enhance productivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional reducing agents (formalin, hydrazine, hydrogen, methanol) are used to produce palladium-containing catalyst, then the catalyst can be obtained, but the productivity of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the reducing agent from conventional options (formalin, hydrazine, hydrogen, methanol) to novel compounds with specific molecular structures (formula 1) containing hydroxyl groups. This parameter change in the reducing agent's chemical structure leads to improved catalyst performance and higher productivity of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses organic compounds with specific structural features (hydroxyl groups, formula 1) as reducing agents, copying the beneficial reducing properties from conventional agents while improving upon them through structural optimization. The new reducing agents maintain the essential function of reducing Pd(II) to Pd(0) while enhancing catalyst productivity.
2Productivity
If palladium is reduced using conventional methods, then catalyst is formed, but the catalyst efficiency and selectivity are not optimized
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the chemical parameters of the reducing agent by selecting compounds with specific structural characteristics (formula 1, hydroxyl groups). This changes the reduction mechanism and improves catalyst efficiency and selectivity while maintaining ease of manufacture through straightforward reduction processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The organic reducing agents (formula 1) act as intermediaries that facilitate the reduction of Pd(II) to Pd(0) in a controlled manner. These intermediary compounds enable efficient catalyst formation with improved efficiency and selectivity while keeping the manufacturing process simple.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method achieves high productivity in producing α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid from olefins or α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, improving catalyst efficiency and selectivity.
Implementation Method 1
reducing palladium in an oxidation state by a compound (A) which is represented by the following formula (1)
Implementation Method 2
liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an α, β-unsaturated aldehyde with molecular oxygen
Implementation Method 3
palladium-containing catalyst for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or an α, β-unsaturated aldehyde
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a palladium-containing catalyst for producing an α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or an α, β-unsaturated aldehyde in high productivity. Also disclosed are a method for producing such a catalyst, and a method for producing an α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid in high productivity. Specifically, a palladium-containing catalyst is produced by a method containing a step in which palladium in an oxidation state is reduced by a compound (A) which is represented by the following formula (1).