Supported Palladium Catalyst for Fluorocycloalkene Production
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for producing 1H-polyfluorocycloalkene compounds with 4 to 6 carbon atoms suffer from low selectivity, catalyst durability issues, and difficulties in purification due to the use of copper or nickel catalysts, and the handling of gaseous hexafluorocyclobutene, which is not suitable for mass production.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the contact of an unsaturated fluorine-containing halogen compound with 0.1 to 3 molar equivalents of hydrogen in a vapor phase using a supported palladium catalyst with a Pd/Bi weight ratio of 0.4 to 1.0, subjected to hydrogen reduction at 200° C. to 350° C., to produce 1H-polyfluorocycloalkene compounds with high selectivity and reduced secondary product formation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If copper or nickel catalysts are used for producing 1H-polyfluorocycloalkene compounds, then the reaction can proceed, but the catalyst durability is poor and selectivity is low leading to secondary product formation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the catalyst material parameter from copper or nickel to palladium, which fundamentally alters the catalyst's thermal stability and selectivity properties. This parameter change enables the catalyst to withstand higher temperatures without degradation while maintaining high selectivity for the desired 1H-polyfluorocycloalkene product
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite catalyst system consisting of palladium supported on activated carbon. This composite structure combines the high catalytic activity and thermal stability of palladium with the high surface area and adsorption properties of activated carbon, resulting in a catalyst that exhibits both durability and high selectivity
2Productivity
If a large amount of palladium is used in the catalyst, then the reaction activity is high, but the cost increases and secondary saturated products are formed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes activated carbon as a porous support material with high surface area. This porous structure allows a large surface area to be available for catalytic action while using minimal amounts of precious metal. The palladium is dispersed throughout the porous structure, maximizing its utilization efficiency and maintaining high reaction activity with reduced palladium content
Solution Approach 2:
The activated carbon acts as an intermediary carrier that facilitates the interaction between hydrogen and the fluorine-containing halogen compound. It provides a platform for palladium dispersion and mediates the catalytic process, enabling high activity with lower palladium loading
3Ease of manufacture
If hexafluorocyclobutene is used as a raw material, then the target compound can be obtained, but the gaseous state requires extreme cooling and complicates mass production
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state parameter of the raw material by selecting compounds that are liquid at room temperature instead of gaseous. This parameter change eliminates the need for extreme cooling requirements and complex gas handling equipment, significantly simplifying the manufacturing process for mass production while maintaining the ability to produce the desired 1H-polyfluorocycloalkene compounds
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method achieves high selectivity and productivity in producing 1H-polyfluorocycloalkene compounds while preventing the formation of undesirable saturated products, even with a reduced amount of palladium, and is suitable for industrial-scale semiconductor production.
Implementation Method 1
bringing a fluorine-containing halogen compound into contact with 0.1 to 3 molar equivalents of hydrogen relative to the fluorine-containing halogen compound in a vapor phase in the presence of a supported palladium catalyst
Implementation Method 2
subjected to hydrogen reduction at 200° C. to 350° C.
Implementation Method 3
subjected to hydrogen reduction at 200° C. to 350° C.
Data Source
AI summary
An unsaturated hydrogen-containing fluoroolefin compound is obtained by bringing an unsaturated fluorine-containing halogen compound into contact with 0.1 to 3 molar equivalents of hydrogen relative to the unsaturated fluorine-containing halogen compound in a vapor phase in the presence of a supported palladium catalyst in which an amount of supported palladium is 0.1% by weight to 2.5% by weight.