Pantograph Field Detection for Overhead Line Presence Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

There is a need to securely prevent the deflection or lifting of current collectors on vehicles, such as rail vehicles, to avoid damage to the collectors and infrastructure when operating without overhead lines, as improper operation can lead to collisions with structures.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a detection unit that measures state variables of magnetic or electric fields generated by an electricity supply device and an evaluation unit that determines the presence of the supply device, allowing secure operation by controlling the current collector's position based on defined criteria, thereby reducing the risk of unintended deflection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the pantograph is secured to prevent deflection when operating without overhead lines, then safety and damage prevention are improved, but operational flexibility and ease of operation deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoidoperational flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary detection of the overhead line presence using magnetic field sensors before the pantograph is raised. The evaluation unit assesses the measured magnetic field values against stored reference values to determine whether the overhead line is present. Only when the overhead line is detected does the system enable pantograph raising, thereby preventing damage in advance while maintaining operational flexibility when conditions are appropriate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts the operational state of the pantograph based on real-time environmental conditions (presence or absence of overhead line). The control unit enables or disables the pantograph raising function according to the evaluation results, transforming a static security constraint into a dynamic control mechanism that adapts to changing operational contexts.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Ease of operation

If manual monitoring of overhead line presence is required, then operational flexibility is maintained, but workload and potential for human error increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational flexibilityVSAvoidsafety
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs self-monitoring of the overhead line presence environment through automated magnetic field detection and evaluation. The detection unit continuously measures magnetic field values, and the evaluation unit automatically compares these measurements against reference values to determine overhead line presence. This eliminates the need for manual monitoring by train drivers, reducing workload and human error while maintaining operational flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system establishes a feedback loop where the detection unit continuously monitors magnetic field conditions, the evaluation unit processes this information, and the control unit adjusts pantograph operation accordingly. This automated feedback mechanism replaces manual monitoring, providing continuous safety verification without increasing driver workload.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Reliability

If magnetic field detection is used to detect overhead line presence, then detection reliability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection reliabilityVSAvoiddetection system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The magnetic field detection system serves multiple functions: it detects overhead line presence, provides safety verification, and enables automated control decisions. The same detection infrastructure supports both safety-critical functions and operational control, reducing the need for separate specialized systems and thereby limiting the increase in overall device complexity despite the improved detection reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method ensures high safety by reliably preventing unintended deflection of current collectors, allowing secure operation and reducing the risk of damage to vehicles and infrastructure, while also simplifying the workload for train drivers and enabling use in automated vehicles.

Implementation Method 1

a state variable of a magnetic field or an electric field, which acts between the power supply unit and the vehicle due to an electrical voltage of a power supply unit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field: Magnetic Field

Implementation Method 2

a state variable of a magnetic field or an electric field, which acts between the power supply unit and the vehicle

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric field: Electric Field

Data Source

PatentEP4438383A1Method and device for detecting the presence of electricity supply devices, and vehicle
Publication Date: 2024.10.02 SIEMENS MOBILITY GMBH
  • EP4438383A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4438383A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4438383A1 patent drawing

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for detecting the presence of infrastructure-side electrical supply devices, wherein the electrical supply devices are suitable for supplying vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, via pantographs of the vehicles. It is proposed that a detection unit (4) measures a state variable of a magnetic field (6) or an electric field, which acts between the electrical supply device (1) and the vehicle (2) due to an electrical voltage of an electrical supply device (1) configured to supply power to a vehicle (2), and that an evaluation unit (7) then assesses the presence of the electrical supply device (1) as detected when a measured value of the measured state variable or a plurality of measured values ​​of the measured state variable fulfills or fulfills a defined criterion.This prevents impermissible or unintentional deflection of current collectors.