Paper-Based NAD(P)H Detection Device
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting NAD(P)H require large sample volumes, lengthy reaction times, and sophisticated instruments, limiting their applicability and accessibility for sensitive and specific detection of critical biological analytes.
Innovation Solution
A paper-based device with a porous membrane and immobilized metallic nanoparticles, utilizing a surfactant and metal ions to detect NAD(P)H through colorimetric changes, allowing for rapid and sensitive detection of NAD(P)H and related enzymes or inhibitors without the need for extensive equipment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional colorimetric detection of NADH using gold nanoparticle growth is employed, then detection sensitivity can be achieved, but large sample volume, long reaction time, and sophisticated analytical instruments are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a paper-based device that is inexpensive, disposable, and does not require sophisticated analytical instruments. The paper substrate with immobilized metallic nanoparticles serves as a single-use detection platform, eliminating the need for complex equipment while maintaining detection capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the porous structure of paper as the substrate to immobilize metallic nanoparticles. The porous material allows for efficient sample diffusion and reaction while providing a simple, instrument-free detection platform that resolves the contradiction between sensitivity and device complexity.
2Measurement precision
If traditional colorimetric detection of NADH using gold nanoparticle growth is employed, then detection sensitivity can be achieved, but large sample volume and long reaction time are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent concentrates the detection function in a localized testing zone on the paper substrate where metallic nanoparticles are immobilized. This localized functional area enables rapid interaction between the sample and sensing elements, reducing reaction time while maintaining sensitivity through concentrated detection capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent achieves rapid detection by allowing the sample to quickly diffuse through the porous paper substrate and interact with the immobilized metallic nanoparticles in the testing zone. The design enables the reaction to complete in minutes rather than hours, rushing through the detection process while maintaining sensitivity.
3Measurement precision
If traditional colorimetric detection of NADH using gold nanoparticle growth is employed, then detection sensitivity can be achieved, but large sample volume is required
Solution Approach 1:
The porous paper substrate efficiently concentrates and transports the sample through capillary action to the testing zone, maximizing the interaction between the limited sample volume and the immobilized metallic nanoparticles. This enables sensitive detection with minimal sample input.
Solution Approach 2:
The detection function is concentrated in a small, localized testing zone on the paper substrate, allowing efficient use of minimal sample volume. The immobilized metallic nanoparticles in this confined area provide high detection sensitivity without requiring large amounts of sample material.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the detection of NAD(P)H at concentrations as low as 12.5 μM in less than 4 minutes with visual or optical detection, providing a low-cost, sensitive, and user-friendly method for monitoring biological analytes.
Implementation Method 1
detecting the presence of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) via a colorimetric change output by the sensing device
Implementation Method 2
NAD(P)H and its oxidized form, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)+) are ubiquitous biomolecules associated with cellular energy metabolism
Data Source
AI summary
The subject invention provides materials and methods for detecting the presence of an electron donor. In a specific embodiment, the device detects the presence of dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) via a colorimetric change output by the sensing device. In another specific embodiment, the presence of an enzyme capable of catalyzing, or an agent capable of inhibiting, the production of NADH can also be detected by a colorimetric readout using the same device. In some embodiments, dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) can also be detected using the device provided herein. Advantageously, preferred embodiments of the subject invention provide a low-cost, sensitive device for monitoring the presence of critical biological analytes in a variety of applications.