Paraffin Cracking via Segmented Reactors for Light Olefin Yield

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current processes for producing light olefins like ethylene and propylene face challenges in efficiently cracking paraffins, which tend to build up in recycle streams and are difficult to convert, leading to reduced yields and catalyst deactivation.

Innovation Solution

The process involves separating olefin and paraffin streams, cracking olefins in one reactor, recycling butenes, and cracking paraffins in a separate reactor at optimized conditions, using a silicalite catalyst with a specific silica-to-alumina ratio, and potentially isomerizing paraffins to enhance light olefin production.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If paraffins are cracked in the presence of olefins using conventional catalysts, then olefin production is maintained, but paraffin conversion is insufficient leading to paraffin buildup and reduced yields

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight olefin yieldVSAvoidcatalyst deactivation
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The process separates the cracking of olefins and paraffins into distinct reactor stages. The first reactor cracks olefins in the presence of olefins, while the second reactor cracks paraffins in the absence of olefins. This segmentation allows each reactor to be optimized for its specific function, preventing catalyst deactivation and maximizing light olefin yield.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The process extracts paraffins from the olefin stream and directs them to a separate cracking reactor. By removing paraffins from the olefin cracking environment, the invention prevents catalyst deactivation caused by paraffin accumulation and enables dedicated paraffin conversion in the second reactor.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Productivity

If a single reactor is used for both olefin and paraffin cracking, then process complexity is reduced, but paraffin conversion efficiency decreases leading to buildup in recycle streams

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparaffin conversion efficiencyVSAvoidnumber of reactors
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention divides the cracking process into two separate reactors: a first reactor for olefin cracking and a second reactor for paraffin cracking. This segmentation enables each reactor to be optimized for its specific feedstock, achieving high paraffin conversion efficiency while maintaining manageable process complexity through a systematic two-stage approach.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Productivity

If paraffins are recycled without additional cracking, then process simplicity is maintained, but paraffin buildup occurs reducing overall light olefin production

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight olefin productionVSAvoidparaffin accumulation
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The invention implements continuous cracking of paraffins in the second reactor, ensuring that paraffins are continuously converted to light olefins rather than accumulating in the recycle stream. This continuous action maximizes light olefin production by preventing substance loss through paraffin buildup.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach significantly increases light olefin yields, particularly ethylene and propylene, by effectively cracking paraffins without the presence of olefins, reducing catalyst deactivation and paraffin buildup, and preferentially cracking isoparaffins for higher propylene production.

Implementation Method 1

cracking paraffins in a separate reactor at optimized conditions, using a silicalite catalyst with a specific silica-to-alumina ratio

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCatalysis: Catalysis

Implementation Method 2

The olefin process stream is separated in a separation unit to generate a first stream rich in ethylene and propylene, a second stream comprising butenes and butanes, and a third stream comprising unconverted paraffins

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFractionation: Fractionation

Implementation Method 3

The olefin cracking unit cracks olefins to generate light olefins and a process stream comprising unconverted olefins and paraffins

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPyrolysis: Pyrolysis

Data Source

PatentUS7875755B2Cracking C5+ paraffins to increase light olefin production
Publication Date: 2011.01.25 UOP LLC

AI summary

A process for increasing the light olefin production from light paraffins is presented. The process includes separating paraffins from olefin streams and separately processing the paraffins.