Parallel Coil Antenna Molecules for Uniform Wireless Power Transfer

The antenna is divided into multiple discrete antenna molecules arranged in a grid pattern. Each molecule consists of a specific number of turns (e.g., 5 turns) forming a coil structure. This segmentation allows the system to achieve uniformity through distributed geometry rather than increasing metal quantity, as each molecule contributes equally to the overall field uniformity across the charging surface.

The antenna molecules are arranged in a two-dimensional grid array (multiple rows and columns) rather than using a single large coil. This dimensional transition from one-dimensional coil winding to two-dimensional spatial distribution enables uniformity ratio improvement through geometric arrangement, reducing the need for excessive conductive metal while maintaining consistent electromagnetic field strength across the charging area.

The large charge area is segmented into multiple smaller antenna molecules distributed across the surface. Each molecule generates a localized electromagnetic field, and the superposition of fields from multiple molecules creates a uniformly distributed overall field. This allows receivers to move freely across the large charge area while maintaining consistent coupling and power transfer, as any position within the grid coverage area benefits from the distributed molecular arrangement.

Multiple antenna molecules are combined in a grid array where their individual electromagnetic fields merge and superpose to create a uniformly distributed composite field across the entire charge area. This merging of multiple small-field sources achieves both large coverage area and field uniformity simultaneously, enabling receiver movement support without sacrificing coupling consistency.

Instead of using long continuous wire for a single large coil, the system uses multiple short wire segments forming individual antenna molecules with fewer turns each. This segmentation reduces total wire length while achieving uniformity through the distributed array configuration. Each molecule uses minimal wire (e.g., 5 turns), and the collective arrangement of many such molecules provides the required uniformity ratio without excessive material consumption.

The design changes the structural parameters from a single large coil with many turns to multiple small coils with fewer turns arranged in a grid. This parameter transformation (from N turns in one coil to n turns in M coils where N > n but M × n ≈ N or less) reduces total conductive material while maintaining or improving uniformity ratio through the spatial distribution effect.