Parallel Decode Variable-Length Instructions Hybrid Encoding

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing systems face challenges in decoding variable-length instructions in parallel due to the need to determine instruction length before decoding, leading to inefficiencies and increased resource usage, particularly in superscalar architectures where all instructions must have the same length, resulting in wasted resources and larger program sizes.

Innovation Solution

A hybrid encoding approach using fixed-length prefixes and variable-length suffixes allows for parallel decoding of instructions, where each prefix indicates the length of its associated suffix, reducing program size and silicon chip area requirements by enabling efficient parallel execution of variable-length instructions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If fixed-length instructions are used to enable parallel decoding, then decoder performance is improved, but program size increases due to wasted bits in simple instructions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedecoder performanceVSAvoidprogram size
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The instruction is divided into two segments: a fixed-length prefix (16 bits) that contains the opcode and essential control information, and a variable-length suffix (0-32 bits) that contains optional operands. This segmentation allows the decoder to process the fixed prefix in parallel while the suffix length varies based on instruction complexity, resolving the contradiction between parallel decoding performance and program size efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Quantity of substance

If variable-length instructions are used to reduce program size, then program size decreases, but decoding complexity increases due to the need to determine instruction length before decoding

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprogram sizeVSAvoiddecoding complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The prefix length is predetermined and fixed at 16 bits, allowing the decoder to immediately know where the suffix begins without complex length-detection logic. The variable length is achieved through the optional presence of suffixes with known maximum length, not through variable prefix lengths. This preliminary structuring eliminates decoding complexity while maintaining variable-length benefits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Productivity

If all instructions are encoded to the same fixed length, then parallel execution is simplified, but silicon chip area increases due to larger instruction caches required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparallel execution efficiencyVSAvoidsilicon chip area
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The instruction format applies different quality requirements to different parts: the prefix has fixed quality (16 bits) to enable parallel processing, while the suffix has variable quality (0-32 bits) to reduce overall instruction size. This local differentiation allows efficient parallel execution of the critical prefix while minimizing cache requirements through compact variable-length suffixes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP4278256B1Parallel decode instruction set computer architecture with variable-length instructions
Publication Date: 2024.06.05 GOOGLE LLC
  • EP4278256B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4278256B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4278256B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

This disclosure describes apparatuses, methods, and techniques for supporting a parallel decode instruction set computer architecture with variable-length instructions. In various aspects, a processor receives an instruction for execution. A decoder identifies multiple fixed-length prefixes in the instruction and identifies multiple variable-length suffixes in the instruction. Each of the multiple fixed-length prefixes is associated with one of the variable-length suffixes. The instruction is then executed based on the plurality of variable-length suffixes. By so doing, the described systems and methods may be implemented in a manner that reduces program size and reduces the required area on the silicon chip.