Parallel Diesel Particulate Filter Exhaust System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing diesel particulate filter regeneration systems face challenges in maintaining optimal exhaust gas temperatures during both heavy load and idle load conditions, risking damage from excessive heat or insufficient ignition.
Innovation Solution
An exhaust system with a turbocharger, multiple fluid paths in the exhaust pipe, and a flow control valve that directs exhaust flow and fuel injection to multiple diesel particulate filters, allowing for controlled temperature management and regeneration across varying engine loads.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the temperature of exhaust gas is increased during regeneration at heavy engine load conditions, then particulate matter combustion is improved, but the exhaust gas temperature may exceed safe limits and cause damage
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust system is divided into multiple parallel flow paths, each containing a separate diesel particulate filter (first DPF and second DPF). This segmentation allows the exhaust flow and heat to be distributed across multiple filters rather than concentrating all thermal energy in a single filter, thereby enabling effective regeneration while preventing excessive temperature buildup in any one filter.
Solution Approach 2:
A flow control valve is introduced to dynamically adjust and control the distribution of exhaust flow between the parallel flow paths leading to the first and second diesel particulate filters. This dynamic control enables the system to optimize temperature management during regeneration by redirecting exhaust flow as needed, ensuring that temperature remains within safe limits while maintaining effective particulate combustion.
2Reliability
If fuel is injected into the diesel particulate filter during regeneration at idle loading conditions, then particulate matter combustion can be initiated, but the exhaust gas temperature may be insufficient to ignite the injected fuel
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust system is divided into multiple parallel flow paths with separate diesel particulate filters. This segmentation allows the system to concentrate fuel injection and thermal energy into individual filters during idle operation, creating localized high-temperature zones sufficient to ignite injected fuel and sustain combustion, even when overall exhaust temperature is low.
Solution Approach 2:
The flow control valve dynamically directs exhaust flow to specific diesel particulate filters based on operating conditions. During idle regeneration, the valve can concentrate exhaust flow and heat into a single filter where fuel is injected, ensuring the local temperature is high enough to ignite the fuel. This dynamic flow management enables reliable combustion initiation at idle loads.
3Device complexity
If a single diesel particulate filter is used, then the system structure is simple, but the system cannot effectively manage temperature during both heavy load and idle load conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The exhaust system employs multiple diesel particulate filters arranged in parallel flow paths instead of a single filter. This segmentation provides the versatility needed to manage temperature across different operating conditions by distributing or concentrating exhaust flow and heat as required, while maintaining a relatively straightforward system architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The parallel flow path configuration with multiple diesel particulate filters and a flow control valve creates a universal system capable of handling both heavy load and idle load regeneration conditions. The same basic structure can adapt its operation to provide effective temperature management across the full range of engine operating conditions, making the system versatile without requiring entirely different configurations for different loads.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables safe and effective regeneration of diesel particulate filters at high engine loads without overheating and ensures regeneration at idle loads by managing exhaust gas temperatures through parallel flow paths and fuel dosing, maintaining filter functionality across different operational conditions.
Implementation Method 1
The flow control valve is response to an input signal indicative of an operating condition and is configured to control exhaust flow to the first diesel particulate filter and the second diesel particulate filter in response to the input signal
Implementation Method 2
During regeneration, the temperature of the diesel particulate filter is raised such that particulate matter within the filter is combusted
Implementation Method 3
Exhaust gas mixes downstream of the first diesel particulate filter and the second diesel particulate filter with an exhaust mixer
Data Source
AI summary
An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine comprises a turbocharger, an exhaust pipe, a first diesel particulate filter, a second diesel particulate filter, and a flow control valve. The exhaust pipe has a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion. At least the second portion of the exhaust pipe comprises a plurality of fluid paths. The first diesel particulate filter is coupled to on one of the plurality of fluid paths between the second portion and the third portion of the exhaust pipe. The second diesel particulate filter is coupled to another of the plurality of fluid paths. The flow control valve is disposed within the second portion of the exhaust pipe. The flow control valve is response to an input signal indicative of an operating condition and is configured to control exhaust flow to the first diesel particulate filter and the second diesel particulate filter in response to the input signal.