Parallel Ejector Refrigeration Circuit for Part-Load Efficiency

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Solution Overview

Problem

Ejector refrigeration circuits face inefficiencies in controlling high pressure mass flow and meeting varying refrigeration demands, particularly during part-load operations.

Innovation Solution

The use of at least two controllable ejectors connected in parallel, each with a controllable motive nozzle, primary high pressure input port, secondary low pressure input port, and medium pressure output port, operated by a control unit to adjust opening degrees and meet refrigeration demands efficiently.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a single ejector is used to control high pressure mass flow, then the device complexity is reduced, but the efficiency and ability to meet varying refrigeration demands deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveejector configurationVSAvoidrefrigeration capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The single ejector is divided into multiple parallel ejectors (first ejector, second ejector, etc.), each capable of independent operation. This segmentation allows the system to meet varying refrigeration demands by activating only the necessary number of ejectors, thereby maintaining efficiency while avoiding the complexity of a single oversized ejector operating in less efficient ranges.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If the ejector opening degree is increased to meet higher refrigeration demands, then the refrigeration capacity increases, but the efficiency of the ejector decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefrigeration capacityVSAvoidejector efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of opening a single ejector to its maximum capacity (which reduces efficiency), the system segments the flow across multiple ejectors. Each ejector operates at or near its optimal opening degree, maintaining high efficiency while collectively meeting the total refrigeration demand through parallel operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The control unit dynamically adjusts the opening degree of each ejector based on actual refrigeration demands. This dynamic control ensures that ejectors operate in their efficient ranges while adapting to varying load conditions, preventing energy loss that would occur with fixed or suboptimal opening degrees.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Productivity

If a single ejector operates at maximum capacity, then the refrigeration demand is met, but the ejector operates in less efficient ranges and lifespan is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefrigeration capacityVSAvoidejector lifespan
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The refrigeration load is distributed across multiple ejectors rather than placing maximum demand on a single ejector. This segmentation prevents any single ejector from operating continuously at maximum capacity, reducing wear and tear while maintaining the required total refrigeration capacity through parallel operation of multiple ejectors at moderate loads.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration ensures stable and efficient operation by avoiding less efficient ranges of operation, optimizing efficiency across a wide range of conditions and extending the lifespan of the controllable ejectors.

Implementation Method 1

An ejector additionally may operate as a so called ejector pump for compressing refrigerant from a low pressure level to a medium pressure level using energy that becomes available when expanding the refrigerant from a high pressure level to the medium pressure level.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure expansion energy conversion: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 2

a controllable motive nozzle, a controllable primary high pressure input port forming an inlet to the controllable motive nozzle

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid acceleration and pressure differential: Bernoulli Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3295093B1Ejector refrigeration circuit and method of operating such a circuit
Publication Date: 2022.10.19 CARRIER CORP
  • EP3295093B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3295093B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

An ejector refrigeration circuit (1), which is configured for circulating a refrigerant, in particular carbon dioxide, comprises at least two controllable ejectors (6, 7), which are connected in parallel and respectively comprise a primary high pressure input port (6a, 7a), a secondary low pressure input port (6b, 7b) and an output port (6c, 7c); and a control unit (28), which is configured for operating the ejector refrigeration circuit (1) employing a method which comprises the steps of: a) operating a first ejector (6) of the at least two controllable ejectors (6, 7) by controlling the opening of its high pressure port (6a) until the maximum efficiency of said first ejector (6) has been reached or the actual refrigeration demands are met; b) operating at least one additional ejector (7) of the at least two controllable ejectors (6, 7) by opening its primary high pressure input port (7a) for increasing the refrigeration capacity of the ejector refrigeration circuit (1) in case the actual refrigeration demands are not met by operating the first ejector (6) alone.