Parallel Polar Codes Using Imperfect Bit Channels for Low-Latency Decoding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional polar codes face challenges in achieving high throughput and coding gain due to high latency and complexity in decoding, especially for short- and medium-length codes, which limits their practical implementation in high-throughput applications.
Innovation Solution
The use of multiple parallel polar codes with cooperation between them, where information bits are distributed and protected using a combination of repetition codes and error-correcting codes like BCH or Reed-Muller codes, and decoded using log-likelihood ratio and averaged log-likelihood ratio algorithms, to enhance coding gain and throughput.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional polar codes are used for data transmission, then channel capacity is approached, but decoding latency and complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the single polar code into multiple parallel polar codes, each handling a portion of the information bits. This segmentation allows independent decoding of multiple smaller codes simultaneously, reducing overall decoding latency while maintaining the channel capacity benefits of polar codes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a single-code sequential processing approach to a multi-code parallel processing architecture. By adding the dimension of parallelism across multiple polar codes, the system achieves both high reliability (maintaining channel capacity) and reduced decoding latency through concurrent operations.
2Reliability
If conventional polar codes are used for data transmission, then channel capacity is approached, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the complex decoding task into multiple simpler parallel decoding operations. Each parallel polar code undergoes independent but simpler decoding, reducing the complexity burden on individual decoding units while achieving the same overall reliability through parallel redundancy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple parallel polar codes to achieve the desired channel capacity and reliability. By merging the results from multiple simpler parallel decoders, the system attains the same performance as a single complex polar code decoder but with distributed, more manageable complexity.
3Productivity
If multiple parallel polar codes are used, then throughput is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments information bits into multiple parallel streams, each processed by a separate polar code. This segmentation enables concurrent encoding and decoding operations across multiple channels, increasing throughput while keeping each individual code's complexity manageable through standardized processing units.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs multiple instances of the same polar code structure, making each encoder and decoder universal and interchangeable. This multi-functionality allows identical hardware or software modules to be replicated and operated in parallel, increasing throughput without introducing new complex algorithms or processing requirements.
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosed systems, structures, and methods are directed to encoding and decoding information for transmission across a communication channel. The encoding method includes: distributing the information bits between m parallel polar codes such that each of the m parallel polar codes includes a subset of the information bits; splitting the subset of information bits in each of the m parallel polar codes into a protected information section and a full rate information section; protecting information bits in the protected information section of each of the m parallel polar codes; arranging a plurality of frozen bits in each of the m parallel polar codes; and generating a polar encoded codeword for each of the m parallel polar codes.