Parallel Power Supply Segmentation for Fault Isolation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing uninterruptible power supply systems face challenges in maintaining uninterrupted power supply during electrical faults, particularly with high short-circuit currents, which affect voltage quality and require costly N+N redundancy configurations, making maintenance and fault isolation complex.

Innovation Solution

The system employs parallel-connected self-generating systems with segmented protection areas and short-circuit current-limiting coils, allowing for rapid decoupling of faulty segments within 10 ms, maintaining voltage stability through instantaneous tripping and independent control of circuit breakers, and enabling maintenance without interrupting power supply.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If N+N redundancy configuration is used to ensure uninterrupted power supply during faults, then system reliability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem reliabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system divides the parallel-connected self-generating systems into segmented protection areas, where each area is equipped with its own short-circuit current-limiting coils and circuit breakers. This segmentation allows faults to be isolated to specific segments rather than affecting the entire system, maintaining reliability while reducing the complexity of managing full N+N redundancy across all systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If short-circuit current-limiting coils are installed in each protection area, then voltage quality is maintained during faults, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage qualityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Each protection area is equipped with locally-installed short-circuit current-limiting coils that are specifically tailored to the requirements of that segment. This local quality approach ensures that voltage quality is maintained in each protected area independently, while the modular nature of local installations reduces overall system complexity compared to a centralized approach.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Reliability

If rapid decoupling within 10 ms is implemented, then fault isolation effectiveness is improved, but switching element complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefault isolation effectivenessVSAvoidswitching element complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The circuit breakers and switching elements are pre-configured and pre-charged within each protection area, ready to operate immediately upon fault detection. This preliminary preparation enables the system to achieve rapid decoupling within 10 ms without requiring complex real-time decision-making or control mechanisms, thereby improving fault isolation effectiveness while keeping switching element complexity manageable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Productivity

If maintenance can be performed without power interruption, then productivity is improved, but control system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemaintenance capabilityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The segmentation of the system into independent protection areas with isolated circuit breakers enables maintenance to be performed on one segment without affecting others. Each segment can be independently switched off for maintenance while remaining segments continue to supply power, improving productivity without requiring overly complex control systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

5Device complexity

If N+1 redundancy is used instead of N+N, then cost is reduced, but reliability during multiple simultaneous faults decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovecostVSAvoidreliability during multiple faults
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

By segmenting the system into protected areas with local fault isolation capabilities, the patent enables the use of more economical N+1 redundancy configurations. The segmentation ensures that even with fewer redundant systems, multiple simultaneous faults in different segments can be isolated independently, maintaining system reliability while reducing costs compared to full N+N redundancy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration ensures uninterrupted power supply by isolating faults quickly, maintaining voltage within acceptable ranges, and allowing for maintenance without disrupting service, thus improving system reliability and reducing costs compared to traditional designs.

Implementation Method 1

short-circuit current-limiting coils for limiting a short-circuit current in a common electrical ring connection

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical Resistance: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

first switching element with a switching time of less than 10 ms for electrical decoupling of the consumer networks from one another

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic Induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2608355B1Device for the continuous power supply of electrical consumers and method for operating the device
Publication Date: 2016.04.06 EQUINIX INC
  • EP2608355B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP2608355B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP2608355B1 patent drawingFigure 2A

AI summary

The device has two independent electric generation plants (EA, EB) connected electrically in parallel, where each electric generation plant includes an electrical load terminal coupled with an electrical load bus (S2). Electrical protection zones (SB-A, SB-B) are provided for insulation of electrical errors, where each electrical protection zone includes a transistor (Q10) with a switching time of less than 10 ms for electrically decoupling the electrical load bus from an adjacent electrical load bus. An independent claim is also included for a method for operating the device for uninterrupted power supply of electrical loads.