High-Pressure Fuel Pump With Parallel Relief Valve for Compact Packaging

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing high-pressure fuel pumps for gasoline direct injection systems face challenges in managing pressure relief due to increased engine efficiency and reduced pump dimensions, requiring a small spill orifice and lengthy spring, which is no longer acceptable.

Innovation Solution

A pressure relief valve (PRV) is arranged parallel to the pumping bore, featuring a resilient valve member and a seat in an elongated chamber, with a plug member sealingly fitted to define a controlled return flow path, allowing pressure relief when the outlet conduit exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If the PRV is arranged transverse to the pumping bore to reduce pump dimensions, then the pump packaging is improved, but the PRV requires a small spill orifice and lengthy spring which increases device complexity and is no longer acceptable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepump dimensionsVSAvoidPRV structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The PRV chamber is arranged parallel to the pumping bore axis rather than transverse, utilizing the longitudinal dimension of the pump body. This dimensional reorientation allows the PRV to have a more favorable geometry with adequate spill orifice size and spring length, resolving the conflict between compact packaging and acceptable PRV structure complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The pump body is segmented into distinct functional zones: the pumping bore for fuel pressurization and the separate PRV chamber for pressure relief. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently - the PRV chamber can be designed with sufficient length and appropriate spill orifice dimensions without compromising the compactness of the overall pump assembly

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Volume of moving object

If the pump dimensions are reduced to improve engine efficiency, then the pump packaging is improved, but the PRV requires a small spill orifice which reduces pressure relief effectiveness

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepump dimensionsVSAvoidpressure relief effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

By reorienting the PRV chamber parallel to the pumping bore, the spill orifice can be positioned to utilize the full cross-sectional area available in the parallel arrangement, rather than being constrained by the transverse configuration. This enables adequate pressure relief capacity within reduced pump dimensions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The PRV chamber is nested within the pump body structure, with the spill orifice integrated into the plug member that seals the PRV chamber. This nested arrangement allows the spill orifice to be optimally positioned within the available space, maintaining effective pressure relief functionality while minimizing overall pump dimensions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This arrangement reduces pump packaging by minimizing external dimensions while effectively managing pressure relief, preventing damage during hot-soak conditions.

Implementation Method 1

Said PRV comprises a resilient valve member and a seat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

The PRV comprises a spring biasing a ball on a conical seat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpring force: Spring

Implementation Method 3

only opens when the pressure in the outlet conduit exceeds a second predetermined threshold

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure gradient: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP3728825B1High pressure fuel pump
Publication Date: 2025.10.08 DELPHI INT OPERATIONS LUXEMBOURG SARL
  • EP3728825B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3728825B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4
  • EP3728825B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

A high pressure fuel pump (10) provided with a pumping bore (22) and a pressure relief valve (PRV 34) only opening to enable a return flow from the outlet conduit (18) back to the compression chamber (24) when the pressure in the outlet conduit exceeds a predetermined threshold, said PRV being arranged in an elongated PRV chamber extending parallel and offset to the pumping bore.