Parallel Electromechanical Switching for Inrush Current Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrical switching systems face challenges in achieving safe, cost-effective, and efficient switching, particularly with electromechanical switches that require galvanic isolation and are prone to inrush currents and difficult contact separation.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating non-mechanical switching units, such as transistors, in parallel with electromechanical switches to provide a safe and cost-effective switching solution that avoids inrush currents and facilitates easy contact separation, using a bi-directional switch to mimic DC relay functionality at a lower cost.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If electromechanical switches are used for electrical switching, then galvanic isolation is provided and power losses are reduced, but inrush currents occur and contact separation becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
A non-mechanical switch is introduced as an intermediary component connected in parallel with the electromechanical switch. This intermediary switch handles the inrush current during switching operations, preventing it from flowing through the electromechanical switch contacts. The non-mechanical switch acts as a mediator that protects the electromechanical switch from harmful current surges while maintaining the galvanic isolation benefits of the electromechanical switch.
2Reliability
If electromechanical switches are used for electrical switching, then galvanic isolation is provided, but contact separation becomes difficult and wear and tear increases
Solution Approach 1:
The non-mechanical switch serves as a protective intermediary that assumes the stress of frequent switching operations. By handling the switching actions, it prevents wear and tear on the electromechanical switch contacts, thereby extending the operational lifespan of the electromechanical switch while maintaining its galvanic isolation capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The non-mechanical switch is positioned in parallel with the electromechanical switch beforehand, creating a protective pathway for current flow. This pre-established alternative path cushions the electromechanical switch against the harmful effects of repeated switching, including contact wear and difficulty in contact separation, allowing the electromechanical switch to operate more reliably over extended periods.
3Speed
If non-mechanical switches are used for electrical switching, then switching speed is improved and wear is reduced, but galvanic isolation is not provided
Solution Approach 1:
The system merges the advantages of both non-mechanical and electromechanical switches by connecting them in parallel. The non-mechanical switch provides fast switching speed and eliminates wear, while the electromechanical switch provides galvanic isolation. By combining these two types of switches in a coordinated parallel configuration, the system achieves both high switching speed and galvanic isolation simultaneously.
4Reliability
If electromechanical switches are used, then galvanic isolation is achieved, but cost increases compared to non-mechanical switches
Solution Approach 1:
The parallel configuration creates a multi-functional switching system where each switch type contributes its unique strengths. The non-mechanical switch handles high-speed switching and inrush current management, while the electromechanical switch provides galvanic isolation. This universal approach allows the system to achieve galvanic isolation at a lower overall cost by using the more economical non-mechanical switch for the majority of switching operations, reserving the electromechanical switch for situations requiring isolation.
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 1C~1D
Figure 1E~1F
AI summary
Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for electrical switching. In some examples, electrical switching is performed by a plurality of switching arrangements. The plurality of switching arrangements may be connected in parallel to one another.