Partial Discharge Location in Electric Cables Using Trigger-Based Signal Processing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for locating partial discharges in high-voltage cables face challenges in achieving high spatial resolution with large data volumes, requiring complex and time-consuming evaluation processes, and struggle with accurately determining the source of partial discharges, especially in long cables where attenuation and interference complicate the detection.

Innovation Solution

A method using a high-voltage source coupled with a decoupling unit and sensor unit, employing a trigger-based system to detect and classify partial discharge events by analyzing transit time differences and cable attenuation, reducing data volume through feature pairing and statistical evaluation to quickly determine the location of partial discharges.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If trigger-based methods are used to limit data volume, then the amount of data is reduced, but the evaluation is carried out much later after the measurement with enormous time required for meaningful localization

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata volumeVSAvoidevaluation time
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-calculating and storing travel time information for different cable sections before the actual measurement. During measurement, the trigger unit already has reference data ready, enabling immediate evaluation of partial discharge locations without time-consuming post-processing calculations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces manual evaluation by measurement technicians with an automated evaluation system. The trigger unit automatically processes sensor signals, compares them with stored reference data, and determines partial discharge locations without human intervention, dramatically reducing evaluation time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If high bandwidths are available for high spatial resolution, then spatial resolution is improved, but large amounts of data are required for mostly digital processing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespatial resolutionVSAvoiddata volume
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts only the essential features from the sensor signals using the trigger unit. Instead of processing complete high-bandwidth signals, the system identifies and processes only relevant partial discharge events with their key characteristics, maintaining spatial resolution while minimizing data volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the cable into different sections with stored reference travel times. This segmentation allows the system to process signals in discrete, manageable units corresponding to specific cable sections, reducing the overall data processing requirement while maintaining precise location identification.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Measurement precision

If cable attenuation is considered for long cables, then detection accuracy is improved, but the partial discharge and reflection are greatly attenuated making locating more difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection accuracyVSAvoidsignal attenuation
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-storing reference travel time data that accounts for cable attenuation characteristics. This reference data compensates for signal attenuation effects, allowing accurate partial discharge location even in long cables where attenuation would otherwise make detection difficult.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses feedback by comparing sensor signals with stored reference data that incorporates cable attenuation information. This comparison allows the system to compensate for attenuation effects and accurately determine partial discharge locations despite signal weakening in long cables.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables rapid and direct localization of partial discharges at the cable end, reducing evaluation time and improving accuracy by minimizing the impact of interference, thus facilitating timely maintenance and reducing cable downtime.

Implementation Method 1

a sensor unit (4) connected to the decoupling unit (3) and to the data processing system (5), wherein the data processing system (5) determines a partial discharge or partial discharges from sensor signals from the sensor unit (4)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic signal detection: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

a decoupling unit (3) connected to one end (7) of the cable (2), wherein a sensor unit (4) is connected to the decoupling unit (3)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical decoupling: Electrical Impedance Tomography

Data Source

PatentEP3074781B1Method and device for locating partial discharges in electric cables
Publication Date: 2020.06.17 MEGGER GERMANY GMBH
  • EP3074781B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3074781B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The invention relates to methods and devices for locating partial discharges in electric cables, comprising a high-voltage source which is coupled to the cable to be tested, an outcoupling unit which is connected to one end of the cable, and a data processing system which is connected to the outcoupling unit via a sensor unit and which ascertains a partial discharge or partial discharges from the sensor signals when present. The methods and devices are characterized in particular by a short analysis duration of the locating process. This is achieved by detecting events, parameterizing the events detected as pulses, pairing the parameterized events which are detected as pulses, classifying the event pairs, assigning a partial discharge on the basis of the classification, and determining the location of the partial discharge(s) from the delay between the respective partial discharge and the reflection corresponding to the partial discharge.