Partial Discharge Sensor VHF Sensitivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional partial discharge sensors in gas-insulated switchgear have limited sensitivity in the low frequency band (VHF band) due to the resonance frequency and size constraints of slot antennas, making it difficult to detect electromagnetic noise effectively.
Innovation Solution
A partial discharge sensor design featuring a slot antenna configuration with a closed loop formed by flanges and connecting bolts, where the connecting bolts are strategically insulated to adjust the resonance frequency and increase sensitivity, allowing for high sensitivity detection in the VHF band without the need for a large antenna size.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a slot antenna is constituted by flanges and studs with a fixed interval, then the antenna structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the sensitivity in the low frequency band (VHF band) is insufficient because the wavelength becomes longer than L/2
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrical parameters of the antenna system by introducing insulating spacers between connecting bolts and flanges. This transforms the antenna structure from a continuous conductor to a segmented structure with controlled impedance, enabling resonance frequency adjustment to match the VHF band without changing the physical dimensions of the flanges and bolts.
Solution Approach 2:
Insulating spacers are introduced as intermediary elements between the connecting bolts and flanges. These spacers serve dual purposes: mechanically maintaining the assembly structure while electrically isolating specific sections to create the desired resonance characteristics for low frequency detection.
2Measurement precision
If the antenna is configured based on 1/2 of the wavelength to obtain high sensitivity in the VHF band, then the sensitivity is improved, but the size of the antenna is increased
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrical length and impedance characteristics of the antenna structure through strategic insulation of connecting bolts. This allows the existing physical structure to resonate at VHF frequencies without requiring the antenna dimensions to be scaled up to half-wavelength proportions, thus maintaining compact size while achieving high sensitivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna structure is segmented into electrically isolated sections by insulating specific connecting bolts. This segmentation creates multiple resonance paths and allows the structure to function as a resonant antenna at VHF frequencies without requiring the entire structure to be half-wavelength in size.
3Volume of stationary object
If the resonance frequency of the slot antenna is determined by the interval between adjacent studs, then the antenna structure is compact, but the sensitivity cannot be sufficiently improved in the low frequency band
Solution Approach 1:
The patent decouples the relationship between physical dimensions and resonance frequency by introducing insulating spacers. This allows the compact physical structure (determined by flange and bolt dimensions) to achieve low frequency resonance through electrical parameter modification rather than requiring proportional increases in physical size.
Solution Approach 2:
Insulating spacers act as intermediaries that transform the electrical characteristics of the compact antenna structure, enabling it to resonate at VHF frequencies without requiring the physical dimensions to be increased proportionally to the wavelength.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The sensor achieves high sensitivity in the low frequency band, enabling early detection of partial discharges and preventing electrical breakdowns in gas-insulated switchgear.
Implementation Method 1
when the partial discharge occurs, an electromagnetic wave of a VHF band to a UHF band is emitted
Data Source
AI summary
There is provided a partial discharge sensor including a first flange formed at an end of a first conductor tube, a second flange formed at an end of a second conductor tube, a first insulating spacer sandwiched between the first flange and the second flange, a plurality of holes passing through the first flange, the first insulating spacer, and the second flange, at least two first conductors each passing through one of the plurality of holes to be disposed with electrically connected to the first flange and the second flange, a second conductor passing through one of the plurality of holes to be disposed with electrically connected to the second flange, and a second insulating spacer that insulates the second conductor and the first flange from each other.