Partial Reciprocity CSI Acquisition for Unequal UE Receive Elements

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wireless communication systems face challenges in accurately acquiring channel state information (CSI) for scenarios with partial reciprocity, particularly when user equipment (UE) is configured with an unequal number of receive elements compared to transmit elements, limiting the ability to estimate downlink channels effectively.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a UE transmitting a sounding reference signal (SRS) to indicate partial reciprocity, followed by a base station (BS) sending a precoded and non-precoded CSI-RS set, enabling the UE to generate a CSI report based on these sets, which includes joint and individual channel estimation parameters to improve accuracy and reduce payload.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a UE is configured with an unequal number of receive elements compared to transmit elements, then the UE cannot support full reciprocity, but this limits the ability to estimate downlink channels effectively

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepartial reciprocity supportVSAvoiddownlink channel estimation accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the channel estimation process into two parts: uplink channel estimation using SRS (which works with partial reciprocity) and downlink channel estimation using CSI-RS. By separating these functions and using different reference signals for each direction, the system can accommodate UEs with unequal transmit/receive elements while still achieving accurate downlink channel estimation through the dedicated CSI-RS mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces CSI-RS as an intermediary reference signal that enables downlink channel estimation without requiring full reciprocity. The CSI-RS acts as a mediator that allows the base station to directly measure downlink channel conditions, bypassing the need for reciprocal channel estimation that would otherwise be required when partial reciprocity is present.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Device complexity

If traditional CSI acquisition methods are used for partial reciprocity, then the system can maintain simplicity, but CSI accuracy deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveCSI acquisition procedureVSAvoidCSI accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by having the base station transmit CSI-RS before the UE needs to report CSI. The CSI-RS is sent in advance to allow the UE to measure and calculate accurate CSI parameters (CRI, PMI, RI, CQI) before these are needed for scheduling decisions, ensuring high accuracy without adding complex real-time processing requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the UE measures CSI-RS and reports CSI parameters back to the base station. This feedback loop enables the base station to continuously update its knowledge of downlink channel conditions with high accuracy, maintaining simple overall system architecture while achieving precise CSI through the structured feedback process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Ease of operation

If full reciprocity is assumed, then channel estimation can be simplified, but this assumption fails when UE has unequal transmit and receive elements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel estimation procedureVSAvoidreciprocity assumption validity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by making the reciprocity assumption valid only for specific components rather than globally. The uplink SRS-based estimation maintains reciprocity assumptions where applicable, while the downlink CSI-RS-based estimation operates independently without relying on reciprocity. This localized application of reciprocity principles maintains ease of operation where valid while ensuring reliability where the assumption breaks down.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP3977797B1CSI acquisition for partial reciprocity
Publication Date: 2025.07.09 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3977797B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3977797B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3977797B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit a sounding reference signal (SRS) that indicates that the UE is configured with a quantity of receive elements that is greater relative to a quantity of transmit elements with which the UE is configured. The UE may receive, based at least in part on transmitting the SRS, a first channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) set and a second CSI-RS set. The UE may transmit a CSI report that is based at least in part on the first CSI-RS set and the second CSI-RS set. Numerous other aspects are provided.