Particle Light Shutter Structure for IPS Display Contrast
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal displays using the in-plane switching (IPS) method suffer from low contrast ratios due to light leakage during black image display, which degrades luminance and viewing quality.
Innovation Solution
A display device incorporating a light shutter with shutter structures containing black and transparent particles, controlled by electrodes, to block light leakage and enhance contrast ratio by selectively shielding or transmitting light based on image content.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If the IPS method is used for liquid crystal alignment and electric field application, then viewing angle characteristic and color quality are improved, but contrast ratio deteriorates due to light leakage when expressing black
Solution Approach 1:
A light shutter comprising black particles dispersed in a dispersion layer is introduced as an intermediary component between the backlight unit and the liquid crystal layer. This light shutter acts as a mediator that selectively blocks light in the IPS display device, preventing light leakage during black display without interfering with the liquid crystal alignment and electric field application of the IPS method, thus maintaining viewing angle and color quality while improving contrast ratio
Solution Approach 2:
The contrast ratio is improved by changing the optical parameters of the display system through the light shutter. The black particles in the dispersion layer absorb and block light, dynamically adjusting the light transmittance parameter. When voltage is applied, the black particles move to change the light blocking state, enabling high contrast ratio achievement while maintaining IPS method's viewing angle and color characteristics
2Manufacturing precision
If a light shutter is introduced to block light leakage, then contrast ratio is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The light shutter is implemented as a thin film dispersion layer containing black particles, rather than a bulky mechanical shutter structure. This thin film structure integrates into the existing display panel layers, adding minimal thickness and structural complexity while effectively blocking light leakage to improve contrast ratio
Solution Approach 2:
The traditional mechanical shutter system is replaced with an electrically controlled particle-based light blocking mechanism. Instead of moving mechanical parts, voltage control moves black particles within the dispersion layer to achieve light blocking, simplifying the mechanical structure while maintaining the light shutter function for contrast ratio improvement
3Object-generated harmful factors
If black particles are used to block light, then light leakage is reduced, but luminance degradation occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The light shutter using black particles is designed to be dynamically controllable through voltage application. The black particles can move between different positions based on applied voltage, enabling dynamic switching between light blocking state (for black display) and light transmission state (for other images). This dynamic control allows the system to reduce light leakage when needed while maintaining high luminance for normal display, resolving the contradiction between blocking light leakage and preserving luminance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The light shutter effectively minimizes light leakage, improving black display quality and contrast ratio, while maintaining efficient light transmission for other images.
Implementation Method 1
Each of the plurality of shutter structures includes a dispersion including a first part overlapping the plurality of color filters, a second part extending from the first part, and a third part extending from the second part and overlapping the black matrix, a plurality of black particles dispersed in the dispersion
Implementation Method 2
a plurality of transparent particles dispersed in the dispersion... light which passes through the light shutter is collected and emitted to minimize or suppress the luminance degradation due to the light shutter
Data Source
AI summary
A display device includes a display panel including a plurality of color filters and a black matrix between the plurality of color filters, a backlight unit disposed below the display panel, and a light shutter disposed in any one of an area between the backlight unit and the display panel, an inside of the display panel, and an upper portion of the display panel and including a plurality of shutter structures. Each of the plurality of shutter structures includes a dispersion including a first part overlapping the plurality of color filters, a second part extending from the first part, and a third part extending from the second part and overlapping the black matrix, a plurality of black particles dispersed in the dispersion, and a plurality of transparent particles dispersed in the dispersion.