Particle Mass Concentration Measurement via Dynamic Conversion
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing measurement methods for particulate matter (PM 2.5) concentration in air face accuracy issues due to the use of constant conversion coefficients, which do not account for temporal or spatial changes in particle composition, leading to low accuracy in converting number concentration to mass concentration.
Innovation Solution
A measurement apparatus and method that calculates a conversion coefficient based on measured number concentration, humidity, and specific gas concentration, using predetermined correlations to accurately determine mass concentration, incorporating a processor and storage unit to store and apply conversion functions specific to different humidity and gas conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a constant conversion coefficient is used to convert number concentration to mass concentration, then the measurement method is simple, but the accuracy is low due to temporal or spatial changes in particle composition
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from a static constant conversion coefficient to a dynamic conversion coefficient that varies with humidity and gas concentration conditions. The system calculates conversion coefficients in real-time based on measured environmental parameters, allowing the conversion to adapt to temporal and spatial changes in particle composition, thereby improving measurement accuracy without requiring fundamentally complex new hardware.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of the conversion coefficient from a fixed constant to a variable that depends on humidity and gas concentration. By making the conversion coefficient a function of these measurable parameters, the system can accurately reflect the changing characteristics of particles under different environmental conditions, resolving the contradiction between simplicity and accuracy.
2Measurement precision
If large and expensive equipment is used to measure mass concentration directly, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device cost and size increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces direct mechanical/physical measurement systems (which require large, expensive equipment) with an optical measurement approach combined with computational conversion. By using optical sensors to measure number concentration, humidity, and gas concentration, then calculating mass concentration through programmed conversion functions, the system achieves accurate measurements with much smaller, less expensive equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary parameters (humidity and gas concentration measurements) that serve as mediators between the easy-to-measure number concentration and the desired mass concentration. These intermediaries enable accurate conversion through computational methods, avoiding the need for direct mass concentration measurement equipment.
3Measurement precision
If conversion coefficients are updated frequently to account for changing conditions, then measurement accuracy is improved, but processing time and computational load increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-establishing the relationship between conversion coefficients and environmental parameters (humidity, gas concentration) through prior research and data analysis. The system uses this pre-derived knowledge to create efficient conversion algorithms that can quickly calculate mass concentration in real-time without requiring complex computational processes, thus minimizing processing time while maintaining accuracy.
Data Source
AI summary
A measurement apparatus includes: a number concentration measurement device configured to measure a number concentration of particles in a air; a humidity measurement device configured to measure a humidity of the air; and a air concentration measurement device configured to measure a concentration of a specific air in the air, wherein a mass concentration of the particles in the air is calculated based on a measured number concentration, a measured humidity, a measured concentration of the specific air, and a predetermined correlation between the number concentration, the humidity, and the concentration of the specific air, and the mass concentration of the particles in the air.