Partition-Controlled Precision Grinding Head for Curved Surfaces

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional polishing technologies face issues with curvature mismatch and excessive edge removal during machining of complex curved surfaces, leading to defects such as scratches and surface errors, which affect the imaging quality of optical elements and surface quality of mechanical parts.

Innovation Solution

A precision polishing grinding head with partition controllable deformation, utilizing a partition base and an independent shape memory alloy actuator array to independently control the curvature radius of the center and edge, optimizing edge pressure distribution and achieving stable contact stiffness and uniform pressure distribution.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If a grinding head with fixed curvature is used for machining the edge of a workpiece, then the machining process is simple, but excessive edge removal occurs due to increases in contact line velocity gradient

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesimplicity of machining processVSAvoidsurface shape accuracy at edge

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The grinding head curvature is transformed from a fixed static parameter to a dynamically adjustable parameter. The flexible polishing head can change its curvature radius during the machining process to adapt to different workpiece geometries and machining stages, resolving the contradiction between simple fixed-curvature machining and precise variable-curvature requirements

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The curvature radius of the grinding head is changed from a constant parameter to a variable parameter that can be adjusted in real-time. By controlling the deformation of the flexible polishing head through shape memory alloy actuators, the system achieves precise control over contact line velocity gradient, preventing excessive edge removal while maintaining manufacturing simplicity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Device complexity

If a grinding head with fixed curvature is used for machining complex curved surfaces, then the device structure is simple, but curvature mismatch occurs leading to scratches and surface errors

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvestructure simplicity of grinding headVSAvoidsurface quality and shape accuracy

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The grinding head transitions from a rigid fixed-curvature structure to a flexible dynamic structure. The flexible polishing head can adapt its curvature to match complex workpiece surfaces, eliminating curvature mismatch problems that cause scratches and surface errors while keeping the overall device structure relatively simple

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

A flexible polishing head with variable curvature is designed using flexible materials and structures. This allows the grinding head surface to conform to complex curved workpiece geometries, achieving high surface quality and shape accuracy without requiring a complex multi-component device structure

Inventive Principle:

Principle #30Flexible shells and thin films

3Force

If the curvature radius of the grinding head is not optimized, then the contact stiffness is high, but high-frequency chatter occurs leading to deterioration of surface curvature

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecontact stiffnessVSAvoidsurface curvature quality

Core Design Contradiction:

ForceVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The curvature radius is optimized as a controllable parameter rather than a fixed value. By adjusting the curvature radius to match the workpiece geometry and machining conditions, the system achieves optimal contact stiffness that prevents high-frequency chatter while maintaining good surface curvature quality

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Improves surface accuracy and shape control by independently controlling the curvature radius of the center and edge, suppressing excessive or insufficient edge removal, and enhancing the surface quality of optical and mechanical parts.

Implementation Method 1

a plurality of connecting rod assemblies (3) are arranged above the partition base (1), the connecting rod assembly (3) includes a shape memory alloy actuator (35)

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectShape memory alloy: Shape Memory Alloy

Data Source

PatentUS20250303520A1Precision polishing grinding head with partition controllable deformation

Publication Date: 2025.10.02 JIMEI UNIV

AI summary

A precision polishing grinding head with partition controllable deformation is disclosed, which belongs to the technical field of precision machining equipment, including a partition base, a positioning block is arranged in a center below the partition base, and a plurality of sets of connecting rod assemblies are arranged above the partition base, a curvature adjusting head is connected at a top end of the connecting rod assembly, a flexible polishing head is arranged above the curvature adjusting head, a protective shell is arranged outside the connecting rod assembly, and the flexible polishing head and the protective shell are connected through a grinding head frame, the device is integrally provided with a driving circuit.