Simultaneous Parvovirus B19 Antigen and IgM Antibody Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting human parvovirus B19 antigen and IgM type antibody require separate measurements, are labor-intensive, and cannot be applied to parvovirus B19 due to its envelope structure and IgM antibody stability issues.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the use of specific surfactants in an immunoassay system to simultaneously detect parvovirus B19 antigen and IgM type antibody, utilizing probes for antigen and antibody detection within the same reaction solution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If separate immunoassays are used to detect parvovirus B19 antigen and IgM antibody, then detection sensitivity is improved, but measurement time and labor are increased
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines separate immunoassays for antigen and IgM antibody detection into a single simultaneous measurement system. The assay uses a solid phase carrier with immobilized reagents that can capture both antigen-antibody complexes and free antibodies in the same reaction well, allowing both measurements to be performed concurrently rather than sequentially.
Solution Approach 2:
The immunoassay system is designed to perform multiple detection functions using a single assay platform. The same reaction system can detect both parvovirus B19 antigen and IgM antibody simultaneously, making the assay multi-functional and eliminating the need for separate specialized tests.
2Measurement precision
If envelope membrane protein breakdown is performed to expose antigens, then antigen detection sensitivity is improved, but IgM antibody stability is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different treatment conditions to different components in the sample. The assay conditions are optimized to maintain IgM antibody stability while still allowing sufficient antigen exposure for detection. This is achieved by using mild disruption methods that selectively expose antigens without denaturing IgM antibodies, creating locally optimized conditions for each target.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies assay parameters such as pH, temperature, and detergent concentration to achieve optimal conditions for simultaneous detection. By carefully controlling these parameters, the system maintains IgM antibody stability while ensuring adequate antigen exposure for sensitive detection, resolving the contradiction between sensitivity and stability.
3Measurement precision
If pH 4.0 or less treatment is applied to inactivate antibodies, then antigen detection accuracy is improved, but IgM antibody detection becomes impossible
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection process into distinct capture and detection phases. Antibody inactivation is performed only in the capture phase where it is needed for accurate antigen detection, while the detection phase uses different reagents that can detect IgM antibodies without requiring prior inactivation. This segmentation allows both functions to coexist.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediary reagents and steps that mediate between the conflicting requirements. A blocking buffer or protective agent may be used to protect IgM antibodies from complete inactivation while still allowing antigen-antibody complex formation, serving as an intermediary that reconciles the conflicting needs of antigen detection accuracy and antibody detection capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-sensitivity simultaneous detection of parvovirus B19 antigen and IgM type antibody, reducing the need for separate measurements and improving detection efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
addition of a specific surfactant to an antigen-antibody reaction solution makes it possible to simultaneously detect a parvovirus B19 antigen and an IgM type anti-parvovirus B19 antibody at high sensitivity
Implementation Method 2
bringing the sample into contact with (1) a 1st probe for detecting the parvovirus B19 antigen
Implementation Method 3
a 2nd probe for detecting the IgM type anti-parvovirus B19 antibody
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a novel means of simultaneously detecting a human parvovirus B19 antigen and an IgM type anti-human parvovirus B19 antibody. The method of simultaneously detecting a human parvovirus B19 antigen and an IgM type anti-human parvovirus B19 antibody in a sample according to the present invention comprises bringing a sample into contact with (1) a 1st probe for detecting the parvovirus B19 antigen and (2) a 2nd probe for detecting the IgM type anti-parvovirus B19 antibody in the presence of a surfactant within the same reaction.