Passive Bleed Valve Pressure Threshold Tuning for Gas Turbines

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional gas turbine engine bleed valves require active control mechanisms, which add complexity, mass, and size, and do not efficiently manage fluid flow during engine starting and steady-state operations.

Innovation Solution

A passively controlled inline bleed valve system that utilizes a piston and baffle mechanism, operated by pressure differentials within the engine, to selectively vent the compressor section to the external environment, eliminating the need for solenoids or pneumatic controllers.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If active control mechanisms (solenoids, pneumatic controllers) are used to operate bleed valves, then the valve can be precisely controlled during engine starting and steady-state operations, but the complexity, mass, and size of the system increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol precisionVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The bleed valve system operates autonomously using pressure differentials generated by the engine's own operation. The piston moves automatically in response to pressure changes across the valve, eliminating the need for external solenoids or pneumatic controllers. The system uses its operating environment (pressure differentials) to drive its own control mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex active control mechanisms (electrical solenoids, pneumatic controllers) with a passive mechanical system based on pressure-differential-driven piston movement. This mechanical substitution eliminates electronic and pneumatic components while achieving the required control function through fundamental physics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Ease of operation

If active control mechanisms (solenoids, pneumatic controllers) are used to operate bleed valves, then the valve can be precisely controlled during engine starting and steady-state operations, but the mass and size of the system increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol precisionVSAvoidsystem mass
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The bleed valve system operates autonomously using pressure differentials generated by the engine's own operation. The piston moves automatically in response to pressure changes across the valve, eliminating the need for external solenoids or pneumatic controllers. The system uses its operating environment (pressure differentials) to drive its own control mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex active control mechanisms (electrical solenoids, pneumatic controllers) with a passive mechanical system based on pressure-differential-driven piston movement. This mechanical substitution eliminates electronic and pneumatic components while achieving the required control function through fundamental physics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of operation

If conventional active bleed valve systems are used, then the valve can be controlled during engine operations, but the reliability is reduced due to more components that can fail

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevalve control capabilityVSAvoidsystem reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The bleed valve system operates autonomously using pressure differentials generated by the engine's own operation. The piston moves automatically in response to pressure changes across the valve, eliminating the need for external solenoids or pneumatic controllers. The system uses its operating environment (pressure differentials) to drive its own control mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex active control mechanisms (electrical solenoids, pneumatic controllers) with a passive mechanical system based on pressure-differential-driven piston movement. This mechanical substitution eliminates electronic and pneumatic components while achieving the required control function through fundamental physics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution reduces complexity, mass, and size by using pressure differentials to control the bleed valve, improving reliability and potentially lowering costs while effectively managing fluid flow across different engine operational regimes.

Implementation Method 1

a piston movable between an open position and a closed position in response to a pressure differential between an inlet and an outlet of the bleed valve

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure differential: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP3604743B1Passive bleed valves with adjustable pressure threshold
Publication Date: 2022.10.05 HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORP
  • EP3604743B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3604743B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3604743B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A bleed valve (100) includes a housing (102) with an inlet (104) coupled to an outlet (106) by a duct (108), a guide tube (110) with an orifice (134) fixed in the housing (102) between the inlet (104) and the outlet (106), a piston (112), and baffle (162). The piston (112) is slideably supported on the guide tube (110) and is movable between an open and a closed position (116, 118), the duct (108) fluidly coupling the inlet (104) and outlet (106) in the open position (116), the duct (108) fluidly separating the inlet (104) and outlet (106) in the closed position (118). The orifice (134) fluidly couples the inlet (104) and outlet (106) in the open and closed positions (116, 118) to move piston (112) between the open and closed positions (116, 118) according to differential pressure between the bleed valve inlet (104) and outlet (106). The baffle (162) is slideably supported by the guide tube (110) to set the differential pressure at which the piston (112) moves between the open and closed positions (116, 118). Gas turbines and differential pressure adjustment methods are also described.