Passive Radiating Feed Structure for Millimeter Wave Directivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wireless systems face challenges in operating effectively at millimeter wave frequencies, particularly in demanding environments such as autonomous driving and 5G applications, where advanced sensing and detection are required under strained conditions.
Innovation Solution
A passive radiating and feed structure comprising a feed coupling structure, transmission array structure, and radiating array structure, which divides and distributes transmission signals to optimize RF wave generation and propagation, utilizing metamaterial elements and carefully designed slots to enhance directivity and radiation patterns.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional antenna structures are used at millimeter wave frequencies, then system complexity is reduced, but directivity and sensing performance deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna structure is segmented into multiple radiating elements arranged in an array configuration. Each element contributes to the overall radiation pattern, enabling beamforming and enhanced directivity through constructive interference. This segmentation allows the system to achieve superior sensing precision at millimeter wave frequencies by controlling the phase and amplitude of signals from individual elements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from conventional two-dimensional antenna arrangements to a three-dimensional volumetric radiating structure. By adding the vertical dimension with multiple layers of radiating elements, the system achieves enhanced beam control and directivity in three-dimensional space, significantly improving sensing precision for autonomous driving applications.
2Reliability
If advanced radiating structures with multiple elements are implemented, then directivity and RF wave generation capability are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the feed network and radiating elements into an integrated structure where power distribution is achieved through shared transmission lines and impedance transformations. This merging reduces the number of discrete components and connections, thereby improving reliability by reducing potential failure points while maintaining the complex radiating pattern requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes in the form of impedance transformations along the feed lines to control the excitation of individual radiating elements. By varying the characteristic impedance and electrical length of transmission lines, the system achieves precise control over amplitude and phase distribution across the array, enabling reliable beamforming without requiring complex active control circuits.
3Use of energy by moving object
If passive radiating structures are used for millimeter wave transmission, then energy consumption is reduced, but control flexibility and adaptability are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary action through the design of fixed impedance transformation networks and predetermined phase shifters that are built into the passive radiating structure. These elements pre-establish the phase and amplitude relationships required for beamforming, enabling the system to achieve multiple beam directions and patterns without requiring active control during operation. This preliminary configuration provides adaptability while maintaining passive operation and low energy consumption.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides improved directivity and performance for RF wave transmission in millimeter wave applications, enabling effective sensing and communication in challenging environments like autonomous driving and 5G systems, with enhanced capabilities for radar and wireless communication.
Implementation Method 1
a radiating array structure (106). When a transmission signal is provided to the radiating structure (100), the signal propagates through the feed coupling structure (102) to the transmission array structure (104) and then to radiating array structure (106) for transmission through the air as a radio frequency (RF) beam
Data Source
AI summary
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radiating structure. The radiating structure has a transmission array structure having a plurality of transmission paths, each transmission path having a plurality of slots. The radiating structure also has a radiating array structure of a plurality of radiating elements, with each radiating element corresponding to at least one slot from the plurality of slots, the radiating array structure positioned proximate the transmission array structure. A feed coupling structure is coupled to the transmission array structure and adapted for propagation of a transmission signal to the transmission array structure, the transmission signal radiated through at least one of the plurality of slots and at least one of the plurality of radiating elements.