Passive RFID Lock Wireless Energy Harvesting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional lock devices require battery power or fixed line power for electronic access control, which complicates maintenance and installation.
Innovation Solution
A lock device that uses a passive RFID transceiver to receive energy wirelessly from a key device, eliminating the need for batteries or fixed line power, and incorporates energy harvesting to supplement energy storage for operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If battery power is used to power the lock device, then the lock can perform electronic access control, but maintenance requirements increase due to battery replacement
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the battery component from the lock device system. Instead of using a battery-powered lock, the system uses a passive RFID lock that derives power from the RFID reader through electromagnetic coupling, completely eliminating the need for replaceable batteries and associated maintenance
Solution Approach 2:
The lock device serves itself by harvesting energy from the RFID communication field. The passive RFID transceiver in the lock automatically receives power from the RFID reader during normal communication operations, eliminating the need for external power sources or maintenance interventions
2Reliability
If fixed line power is used to power the lock device, then the lock can perform electronic access control, but installation complexity increases due to electrical wiring requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and removes the fixed line power infrastructure from the lock installation. The passive RFID lock operates without electrical wiring by receiving power wirelessly through electromagnetic coupling from the RFID reader, simplifying installation to only require mounting the lock and integrating it with the RFID access control system
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces the mechanical/electrical power delivery system (wires and connections) with an electromagnetic field-based power transfer system. The RFID reader generates an electromagnetic field that inductively powers the passive RFID transceiver in the lock, eliminating the need for physical electrical connections
3Ease of operation
If wireless energy transfer is used to power the lock device, then maintenance and installation are simplified, but energy storage capacity must be sufficient for operation
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses periodic energy transfer through RFID communication cycles. The RFID reader continuously or periodically transmits electromagnetic energy, and the passive RFID transceiver in the lock harvests energy during these periodic communication intervals, accumulating sufficient power for operation without requiring large energy storage capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The lock device automatically manages its energy needs by harvesting power during normal RFID communication operations. The system self-regulates by drawing energy from the RFID field during active communication periods, eliminating the need for separate power management infrastructure or large energy storage components
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables battery-free and line-power-free operation, simplifying maintenance and installation while ensuring reliable access control through wireless energy transfer and energy harvesting.
Implementation Method 1
The lock device (1) uses a passive RFID transceiver (2) to receive energy wirelessly from a key device
Implementation Method 2
incorporates energy harvesting to supplement energy storage for operation
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3A
Figure 3B
AI summary
It is presented a method performed in a lock device. The method comprises the steps of: receiving, in a passive Radio-frequency Identification, RFID, transceiver, energy from a key device using wireless energy transfer; entering an active state from an idle state; exchanging RFID data with the RFID reader; obtaining an access decision based on the RFID data; and mechanically unlocking the lock device when access is granted and wireless energy more than a threshold amount has been received.