Passive Strain Indicators on Turbine Components

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Components in turbomachines, such as turbine blades, experience creep and deformation due to high temperatures and stresses, leading to reduced performance and potential vibrations, as existing monitoring methods are inadequate for detecting strain effectively.

Innovation Solution

A method of forming passive strain indicators on preexisting components using fiducial markers, which are deposited on the component's surface through techniques like laser cladding, allowing for the measurement of strain, creep, and fatigue by tracking the displacement of these markers over time.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional monitoring methods are used, then component operation continues, but strain detection accuracy is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestrain detection accuracyVSAvoidcreep monitoring reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates physical copies (fiducial markers) of reference points on the component surface that can be tracked over time. These markers serve as surrogate indicators of component deformation, allowing indirect measurement of strain through marker displacement rather than direct strain sensing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The fiducial markers utilize optical contrast (effectively a form of visual 'color' or reflectivity change) to enable detection. The markers have distinct optical properties that allow them to be easily identified and tracked by scanning systems, creating a visual reference system for measuring deformation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #32Color changes

2Productivity

If turbine blades operate under high temperature and stress, then power generation continues, but creep and deformation occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower generationVSAvoidblade dimensional stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies fiducial markers to the turbine blade surface before the blade enters service. This preliminary action establishes a baseline reference configuration that allows subsequent detection of any dimensional changes or creep that occur during operation under high temperature and stress

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The component itself provides the monitoring function through its integrated fiducial markers. The markers are part of the blade structure and automatically track the blade's deformation without requiring external sensing equipment attached to the blade, enabling self-monitoring of creep and dimensional stability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Duration of action of stationary object

If blade tips contact turbine casing, then operational life continues, but vibrations and performance reduction occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveturbine operational lifeVSAvoidvibrations and performance reduction
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent establishes a feedback mechanism where periodic scanning and measurement of fiducial marker positions provide information about blade dimensional changes. This feedback allows detection of creep and deformation trends before they lead to blade tip contact with the casing, enabling preventive maintenance actions to avoid vibrations and performance reduction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The passive strain indicators provide accurate monitoring of component deformation, enabling the determination of remaining usable life and reducing the risk of unwanted vibrations and performance reduction by detecting strain and creep effectively.

Implementation Method 1

emitting light from a laser source; directing the emitted light towards the first location on the outer surface of the component to melt the powder carried in the flow of the carrier fluid onto the outer surface of the component

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser heating: Laser

Data Source

PatentEP3348960B1Method of forming a passive strain indicator on a preexisting turbine component, turbine component comprising a passive strain indicator
Publication Date: 2021.03.03 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP3348960B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP3348960B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5
  • EP3348960B1 patent drawingFigure 6

AI summary

A method of forming a passive strain indicator on a preexisting component (10) includes directly depositing a plurality of fiducial markers (12) on a portion (18) of the outer surface (14) of the preexisting component (10), the fiducial markers (12) including a material that is compatible with the material of the outer surface (14).