Passive Wireless Ionic Sensing in Small Vials
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current ionic sensing technologies are labor-intensive, expose samples to varying environmental conditions, and are costly due to the need for expensive, space-consuming devices like glass dual junction Ag/AgCl sensors, which are not easily adaptable for real-time monitoring across multiple samples.
Innovation Solution
A modular, passive wireless system featuring a reusable sample container cap with swappable iridium oxide (IrOx) probes and a printed circuit board (PCB) for inductive power and communication, allowing continuous monitoring of multiple samples without exposing them to ambient conditions, using load modulation and a solenoid antenna.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If glass dual junction Ag/AgCl sensors are used for real-time monitoring, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs disposable pH sensor strips that are inexpensive and single-use, replacing expensive glass dual junction sensors. Each strip is discarded after one measurement, eliminating the need for complex calibration, maintenance, and sterilization procedures associated with reusable glass sensors, thus reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the sensing function from complex glass sensor assemblies and implements it through simple optical pH indicator strips. The chemical sensing mechanism is separated from the mechanical and electronic complexity of traditional sensors, allowing for a streamlined system that achieves accurate pH measurement without the cumbersome dual junction Ag/AgCl sensor structure.
2Measurement precision
If glass dual junction Ag/AgCl sensors are fitted individually to each sample container, then measurement precision is improved, but cost becomes prohibitively expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive glass sensors with inexpensive disposable pH strips for each sample container. The low cost of individual strips makes it economically feasible to equip every sample container with its own sensor, eliminating the prohibitive expense of individual glass sensor installation while maintaining measurement precision through dedicated per-container monitoring.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the material parameter from expensive glass/Ag/AgCl construction to affordable pH indicator paper or plastic-based strips. This material substitution dramatically reduces the unit cost of sensors, enabling widespread deployment across multiple sample containers without exceeding budget constraints while preserving accurate pH measurement capability.
3Measurement precision
If manual measurement of each sample container is performed, then measurement precision is maintained, but productivity decreases due to labor-intensive processes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service through automated pH monitoring systems where disposable strips are automatically inserted into sample containers and readings are taken autonomously. The system performs measurements without requiring researcher intervention for each sample, eliminating manual operation while maintaining measurement precision through standardized automated procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces manual mechanical measurement operations with automated systems. Instead of researchers physically handling and measuring each sample container by hand, automated mechanisms perform the insertion, measurement, and data collection processes, thereby maintaining measurement precision while dramatically increasing productivity and sampling throughput.
4Ease of operation
If samples are exposed to ambient environmental conditions during measurement, then ease of operation is improved, but reliability decreases due to varying oxygen levels and other conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs inert or controlled atmosphere conditions within sealed sample containers during pH measurement. By maintaining a stable, controlled internal environment that isolates samples from ambient oxygen fluctuations and other environmental variables, the system ensures reliable and consistent measurements while keeping the measurement process accessible and easy to operate through standardized sealed container protocols.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the sample from the variable ambient environment and places it in a controlled measurement environment. By separating the sample from external environmental influences such as oxygen fluctuations and humidity changes, the system maintains sample condition stability and measurement reliability while preserving ease of operation through straightforward container-based measurement procedures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system reduces device complexity and cost, enabling real-time, continuous data collection across multiple samples while maintaining sample integrity, and can be easily reconfigured for various sensor materials and configurations, improving data collection efficiency in laboratory sciences.
Implementation Method 1
The PCB (104) may comprise a planar solenoid antenna configured to act as an inductive power receiver
Implementation Method 2
This device uses inductively coupled coils for power transmission and communication (by load modulation—LM)
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention features the application of a simple, inductively-coupled measurement system into the cap of standard laboratory sample tubes, thus enabling continuous, wireless ionic sensing of a bevy of samples. The system may be powered by a compact Class E amplifier using inductive coupling via a designed resonance frequency of 1 MHz. Other frequencies can be used, such as the popular near-field communication (NFC) frequency of 13.66 MHz. Signals are transmitted back via load modulation at frequencies a fraction of the power carrier frequency, thus allowing for extraction of the signal frequency. Results clearly show that modulation frequency tracks closely with open circuit potential, and the system features good sensitivity and linearity. This system holds promise for a host of applications.


