Patch Antenna Ground Layout for Stable Beam Tilt Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna devices fail to sufficiently incline the direction of maximum gain in the desired direction, despite the feed element and ground electrode being inclined as intended.
Innovation Solution
The antenna device includes a dielectric block with a conductive ground member and a feed element that form a patch antenna, where the ground member is exposed to the bottom surface on both sides of a contour line passing through the intersection point of a perpendicular line drawn from the feed point, allowing connection to a substrate ground surface, stabilizing the ground potential and enabling desired directional control.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If the feed element and ground electrode are inclined to control the maximum gain direction, then the directivity pattern can be adjusted, but the ground potential becomes unstable and the maximum gain direction cannot be sufficiently inclined in the desired direction
Solution Approach 1:
The ground electrode is divided into two separate ground electrodes (first ground electrode and second ground electrode) positioned at different locations. This segmentation allows independent control of ground potential at different points, enabling stable overall ground potential while maintaining the inclined configuration for directivity control. The feed element is also segmented into multiple feed elements that can be independently controlled.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the antenna structure are given different functions: the ground electrodes provide stable ground potential (local quality of electrical stability), while the feed elements and dielectric structure provide the inclination for directivity control (local quality of directional radiation). This local differentiation resolves the contradiction by allowing each component to optimize its local function without compromising the other.
2Reliability
If the ground member is fully connected to stabilize ground potential, then ground stability is improved, but the ability to incline the maximum gain direction is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The ground member is segmented into multiple ground electrodes that are connected to the same potential, rather than forming a single continuous structure. This segmentation allows the ground to be stable (all points at same potential) while the overall antenna structure can still be inclined for directivity control. The segmented ground electrodes can be positioned to accommodate the inclined configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
The solution moves from a two-dimensional planar ground structure to a three-dimensional configuration where ground electrodes are positioned at different heights and locations. This dimensional change allows the ground to provide stable potential while the antenna structure inclines in the desired direction, resolving the contradiction between ground stability and directivity control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration stabilizes the ground potential, allowing the main beam direction to be controlled accurately and enhances impedance management, resulting in improved gain and directivity control.
Implementation Method 1
a part of the ground member, exposed to the bottom surface is electrically connected to the substrate ground surface
Implementation Method 2
a feed element that is disposed at a distance from the antenna ground surface, and constitutes a patch antenna together with the antenna ground surface
Data Source
AI summary
A dielectric block includes a bottom surface that includes a conductive ground member including an antenna ground surface inclined with respect to the bottom surface. A feed element is disposed at a distance from the antenna ground surface, and constitutes a patch antenna together with the antenna ground surface. A feed line is connected to a feed point of the feed element, and a dielectric member that supports the feed element with respect to the ground member. The ground member is exposed to the bottom surface, on both a lower side and a higher side of a contour line passing through an intersection point of a perpendicular line from the feed point to a virtual plane including the bottom surface and a plane including the antenna ground surface, using the bottom surface as a height reference.