Patch Antenna With Isolated Apertures for Dual Polarization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Dual polarized microstrip antennas experience interference between antenna feeds due to their configuration, leading to reduced signal isolation and increased mutual coupling.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating antenna apertures isolated from the edge of the patch and positioned along an aperture path bisecting both polarization directions, which increases impedance and isolation between the antenna feeds.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If two antenna leads are connected to the same radiating element of a microstrip antenna, then dual polarization capability is achieved, but isolation between the two antenna leads is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The radiating element is segmented into two separate conductive structures (first radiating element and second radiating element) that are electrically isolated from each other. This segmentation allows each element to be fed by a separate antenna lead while maintaining dual polarization capability, thereby resolving the isolation problem between leads.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a vertical dimension by stacking the first and second radiating elements at different heights above the ground plane, separated by a dielectric layer. This three-dimensional arrangement enables dual polarization while maintaining electrical isolation between the antenna leads through the dielectric barrier.
2Device complexity
If antenna leads are positioned close together on the same metallic plate, then device complexity is reduced, but mutual coupling between signals increases
Solution Approach 1:
By transitioning from a two-dimensional planar arrangement to a three-dimensional stacked configuration, the patent separates the antenna leads in the vertical dimension while keeping them close in the horizontal plane. The dielectric layer between the stacked elements provides electrical isolation, reducing mutual coupling while maintaining structural compactness.
Solution Approach 2:
A dielectric layer is introduced as an intermediary between the first and second radiating elements. This dielectric material acts as an electrical insulator that prevents signal coupling between the two antenna leads while allowing both elements to maintain their resonant characteristics.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods and devices disclosed herein relate to a patch antenna. The patch antenna can include a patch having a conductive sheet including at least one edge. The patch can include a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction. A first antenna feed can be coupled to the patch. The first antenna feed can be positioned to transmit or receive a first signal along the first polarization direction. A second antenna feed can be coupled to the patch. The second antenna feed can be positioned to transmit or receive a second signal along the second polarization direction. At least one antenna aperture can be isolated from an edge of the patch and disposed along an aperture path. An orientation of the aperture path can bisect the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction. In one example, the antenna aperture can be located between the first antenna feed and the second antenna feed.