Patch Antenna Unit With Orthogonal Curved Edges for 5G AiP Bandwidth
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional Microstrip Antennas (MSA) have a narrow relative bandwidth, which cannot effectively cover the full frequency bands required for 5G millimeter-wave communication, and they struggle to maintain high inter-polarization isolation and dual-polarization modes necessary for MIMO systems in compact chip packaging.
Innovation Solution
A patch antenna unit is designed with two groups of stacked patches on a substrate, where the radiating edges are shaped as orthogonal function curves and the non-radiating edges feature a ripple function curve, enabling dual-polarization operation and increasing bandwidth, while maintaining a thin substrate to minimize surface wave losses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If traditional MSA is used, then manufacturing is simple, but bandwidth is narrow and cannot cover full frequency bands
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a single-layer MSA to a stacked multi-layer configuration, adding the vertical dimension to achieve wideband dual-polarization functionality. Multiple patches are stacked at different heights with orthogonal orientations, enabling simultaneous support for multiple frequency bands and polarization modes without proportionally increasing lateral footprint.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna is divided into multiple independent patch elements stacked in layers, with each patch contributing to specific frequency bands or polarization modes. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each patch's dimensions and positioning to achieve broad frequency coverage across N257-N261 bands.
2Adaptability or versatility
If stacked patches are added to increase bandwidth, then frequency coverage improves, but inter-polarization isolation becomes difficult to maintain
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the antenna structure are assigned different functions: patches at different heights and orientations are strategically positioned to handle specific polarization modes and frequency bands. The feeding networks are locally optimized with orthogonal configurations to minimize coupling between polarization channels, maintaining high isolation despite the compact stacked layout.
3Adaptability or versatility
If more layers are added for wideband dual-polarization, then functionality is achieved, but substrate thickness increases causing more surface wave losses
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna design incorporates adjustable patch dimensions, spacing, and orientations that can be dynamically optimized for different operating conditions. This flexibility allows the structure to achieve wideband dual-polarization performance while controlling substrate thickness to minimize surface wave propagation and associated losses.
Data Source
AI summary
A patch antenna unit and an antenna array in package are provided. The patch antenna unit includes: a substrate; and two groups of stacked patches which respectively stack on the substrate, geometric axes of the two groups of stacked patches being perpendicular to each other, wherein a radiating edge of each patch in the stacked patches is shaped as a function curve, the radiating edges of the patches in different layers are shaped as integrally orthogonal function curves, and a function curve corresponding to a shape of a non-radiating edge of each patch includes a ripple function curve.