Phased Array Patch Antennas With Perforation Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Phased array antennas with random perforations or augmentations due to shielding vias suffer from degraded performance in terms of radiation patterns and signal strengths.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of patch antenna structures with extended conductive portions to compensate for perforations, or with cut-out regions to counterbalance augmentations, effectively isolating shielding vias and maintaining signal integrity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If shielding vias are added to isolate antenna elements, then signal interference is reduced, but antenna radiation performance is degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The harmful effect of shielding vias on radiation performance is extracted and isolated to specific regions. Perforations are created at the periphery of antenna elements where shielding vias are located, effectively separating the shielding function from the main radiating area while maintaining signal isolation benefits
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the antenna element are given different properties: the periphery region contains perforations to accommodate shielding vias, while the central region maintains continuous conductive material for optimal radiation. This local differentiation allows simultaneous achievement of shielding and radiation performance
2Object-affected harmful factors
If perforations are added to accommodate shielding vias, then shielding effectiveness is improved, but radiation pattern is degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna element design incorporates asymmetric features where perforations are strategically placed only at the periphery rather than uniformly distributed. This asymmetric configuration allows shielding vias to be accommodated while preserving the symmetric radiation pattern from the central continuous conductive region
Solution Approach 2:
The problem is solved by transitioning from a two-dimensional continuous surface to a three-dimensional structure with depth. The conductive material is extended vertically to form raised portions that compensate for the peripheral perforations, adding a vertical dimension to maintain radiation performance despite planar perforations
3Reliability
If conductive material is augmented to compensate for perforations, then radiation performance is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The compensation for perforations is built into the antenna element design from the beginning. The conductive material is deposited in a single manufacturing process that simultaneously creates both the perforations and the compensating raised portions, eliminating the need for subsequent corrective manufacturing steps
Data Source
AI summary
Systems, devices, and methods related to antenna elements with perforations and augmentations are provided. An example patch antenna structure includes a first conductive patch on a first layer of the structure, where the first conductive patch includes one or more perforations at a periphery of a first side of the first conductive patch, and one or more extended conductive portions at a second side of the first conductive patch, the second side opposite the first side; a ground plane on a ground layer of the structure, the ground layer spaced apart from the first layer; and a first signal feed to couple a signal to the first conductive patch. In an example, an individual extended conductive portion of the one or more extended conductive portions may compensate a radiation pattern associated with a corresponding one of the one or more perforations.