Single-Layer Patch Antenna for Dual-Band Polarization Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antennas for UWB communication in electronic devices face limitations such as restricted thickness, high manufacturing costs due to complex multi-layer structures, insufficient mounting space, and fixed polarization, which hinder adaptive communication in various environments.
Innovation Solution
An electronic device with an antenna featuring conductive patches of specific shapes and configurations, allowing for transmission and reception of RF signals with multiple frequency bands and polarization characteristics through a single-layer structure, utilizing switches to selectively interconnect patches for adaptive communication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a three-layer PCB structure with via holes is used for feeding dual band patch antenna, then dual band operation is achieved, but the thickness is restricted and manufacturing cost is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the antenna structure from the complex multi-layer PCB configuration and implements it on a single layer. The feed line is separated from the radiating patch, with the patch formed by removing corner portions from a rectangular conductive layer, while the feed line is provided separately and connected through via holes, eliminating the need for multiple PCB layers.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna system is segmented into distinct functional components: the radiating patch (formed by removing corner portions from a rectangular conductive layer), the feed line (provided separately on the same layer), and the via holes (for electrical connection). This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently while simplifying the overall structure.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a complex multi-layer structure is used for antenna, then dual band operation is achieved, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna structure is extracted from the complex multi-layer PCB configuration and implemented on a single layer. The patch is formed by removing corner portions from a rectangular conductive layer, and the feed line is provided separately and connected through via holes, eliminating the need for multiple PCB layers and reducing manufacturing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna system is segmented into distinct functional components that can be manufactured independently: the radiating patch, the feed line, and the via holes. This segmentation allows for simpler manufacturing processes and reduced costs compared to integrated multi-layer structures.
3Device complexity
If fixed polarization antenna is used, then simple structure is maintained, but adaptive communication in various environments is difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic polarization switching capability by providing first and second switching elements that can selectively connect the feed line to different portions of the conductive layer. This allows the antenna to dynamically change its polarization state (horizontal, vertical, or circular) based on communication requirements, transforming a static structure into a dynamic adaptive system.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna structure is designed to perform multiple functions: it can operate in dual frequency bands and support multiple polarization modes (horizontal, vertical, and circular polarization) using the same physical structure. The corner-removed rectangular patch combined with switching elements enables the antenna to adapt to various communication environments without requiring separate antennas for each mode.
4Area of stationary object
If single layer structure is used for antenna, then mounting space is increased, but achieving multiple frequency bands and polarization characteristics becomes challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is segmented into the radiating patch (formed by removing corner portions from a rectangular conductive layer) and the feed line (provided separately on the same layer), connected through via holes. This segmentation allows the single-layer structure to achieve dual-band operation and multiple polarization modes by independently optimizing each component's geometry and position.
Solution Approach 2:
The single-layer antenna incorporates dynamic switching capability through first and second switching elements that can selectively connect the feed line to different portions of the conductive layer. This dynamic reconfiguration enables the antenna to switch between different frequency bands and polarization modes, achieving multi-functionality on a single layer with reduced mounting space requirements.
Data Source
AI summary
An electronic device includes at least one processor, a first antenna comprises a first conductive patch disposed on a first layer, a first transmission line disposed on the first layer and electrically connected to one point of the first conductive patch, a ground disposed on a second layer and a dielectric disposed on a third layer between the first layer and the second layer, the first conductive patch has a shape of a rectangle in which a first corner portion of the rectangle and a second corner portion of the rectangle are removed, and the at least one processor transmits and/or receives at least one of a first RF signal having a first polarization characteristic and a second RF signal having a second polarization characteristic.