Patch Antenna Slit Structure for Higher Resonance Frequency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing zeroth-order resonant antennas face challenges in enhancing reflection characteristics and shifting resonance frequency to higher frequencies without reducing the physical size of the patch or altering the antenna's physical dimensions, due to limitations in the thickness of the main board and via diameter.
Innovation Solution
The antenna device incorporates a main board made of dielectric material with a patch, ground board, power feeder, short-circuit portion, and additional conductor, where the additional conductor forms capacitors with both the outer and inner surfaces of the patch, allowing for increased capacitance and inductance values, thereby shifting the resonance frequency to a higher frequency side without reducing the patch size.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the thickness of the main board and via diameter are increased to enhance reflection characteristics and shift resonance frequency, then the resonance frequency can be shifted to higher frequencies, but the physical size of the patch and antenna dimensions are constrained and cannot be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the capacitance formation into two separate segments: one capacitor formed between the patch and ground board, and another capacitor formed between the additional conductor and ground board. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each capacitor's contribution to the total capacitance, enabling resonance frequency adjustment without increasing main board thickness beyond what is already present in the structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an additional conductor element that extends in the planar dimension rather than relying solely on increasing the via diameter or board thickness. By adding this conductor and forming a second capacitor in parallel, the solution moves from a one-dimensional approach (increasing thickness/diameter) to a two-dimensional approach (adding planar elements), thereby achieving the desired electrical performance without compromising dimensional constraints.
2Reliability
If the patch size is reduced to achieve higher resonance frequency, then the resonance frequency shifts higher, but the antenna gain and reflection characteristics deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the capacitance function into two parallel capacitors: one utilizing the patch area and another utilizing the additional conductor area. This allows the patch area to remain sufficiently large for maintaining antenna gain while the additional conductor provides extra capacitance to shift the resonance frequency to the desired higher frequency without requiring further patch size reduction.
Solution Approach 2:
The additional conductor acts as an intermediary element that provides the necessary capacitance adjustment without directly reducing the patch area. This intermediary structure enables independent control of resonance frequency and antenna gain, as the additional conductor can be optimized for capacitance while the patch maintains its size for adequate radiation performance.
3Reliability
If the via diameter is increased to form larger capacitance, then the resonance frequency shifts higher, but the manufacturing precision and structural integrity are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the capacitance requirement into two separate capacitors formed by different structures: one capacitor uses the existing via structure with controlled diameter, and the other capacitor uses an additional conductor element. This segmentation allows the via diameter to be maintained at manufacturing-appropriate sizes while achieving the total required capacitance through the combination of both capacitors in parallel.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of increasing via diameter (one-dimensional change), the patent introduces an additional conductor element that extends in the planar dimension to form a second capacitor. This dimensional shift allows capacitance adjustment without compromising via manufacturing precision, as the additional conductor can be fabricated using standard PCB trace or strip techniques with well-controlled dimensions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances reflection characteristics and maintains antenna gain while shifting the resonance frequency to the desired higher frequency without changing the physical size of the patch, offering improved design flexibility and performance.
Implementation Method 1
the additional conductor forms capacitors with both the outer and inner surfaces of the patch, allowing for increased capacitance and inductance values
Implementation Method 2
shifting the resonance frequency to a higher frequency side
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna device includes a main board, a ground board, a patch, a power feeder, a short-circuit portion and an additional conductor. The main board is made of a dielectric material. The ground board is disposed at the main board and supplies a ground potential. The patch is disposed at the main board to face the ground board in a thickness direction of the main board. The power feeder is disposed at the main board and electrically connected to the patch. The short-circuit portion is a via conductor disposed at the main board, and is electrically connected to the patch and the ground board. The additional conductor is disposed at the main board such that a side surface of the additional conductor faces a side surface of the patch, and has a potential identical to the ground potential of the ground board.